Chapter 3.4 Flashcards
The RNA transcript that comes off the template DNA strand is
Primary transcript
The RNA molecule that combines with the ribosome to direct protein synthesis is
Messenger RNA
Primary transcripts in prokaryotes are translated immediately
True or false
True
Molecules of mRNA that code for multiple proteins are known as
Polycistronic mRNA
Chemical modification that converts the primary transcript into finished mRNA, enabling the RNA molecule to be transported to the cytoplasm and recognized by the translational machinery is known as
RNA processing
What is the purpose of the 5’ cap
It makes the mRNA recognizable. Without the cap, the ribosome would not attach to the mRNA and translation would not occur
What is polyadenylation
The addition of a long string of consecutive A- bearing ribonucleotides to the 3’ end of the primary transcript
What is the role of polyadenylation
It helps export the mRNA into the cytoplasm
The sequence that is left intact in mRNA after RNA splicing is
Exons
A complex of RNA and protein that catalyzes RNA splicing is
Spliceosome
A loop and tail of RNA formed after RNA splicing is
Lariat
A process in which primary transcripts from the same gene can be spliced in different ways to yield different mRNAs and therefore different protein products is
Alternative splicing
Non coding RNA found in all ribosomes that aid in translation is
Ribosomal RNA
Non coding RNA that carries individual amino acids for use in translation is
Transfer RNA
Non coding RNA found in eukaryotes and involved in splicing, polyadenylation and other processes in the nucleus is
Small nuclear RNA
