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300802 Biodiversity > Chapter 33: Noncoelomate Invertebrates > Flashcards

Chapter 33: Noncoelomate Invertebrates Flashcards

0
Q

Sponges

Phylum: Parazoa

A

Loose body organisation
Multicellular
No body sym.
Asexual/sexual reproduction

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1
Q

Parazoa: defining features

A

Animals that lack specialised tissue

Asymmetric

Multicellular - 3 cell layers

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2
Q

Pseudocoelomates

A

Cavity between tissues derived from mesoderm & endoderm

No clade

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3
Q

Examples of pseudocoelomates

A

Rotifers

Round worms

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4
Q

Bilaterian acoelomates

A

Have bilateral symmetry

E.g. flatworms, flukes, tapeworms

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5
Q

Eumetazoa:

A

Animals with TRUE tissues

Cnidarians

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6
Q

Cnidarians

A

Polyps
Medusa

Tissues & no organs. No circulatory/respiratory systems
Distinguished by capsules
Nerve cells

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7
Q

Nematocysts

A

Defining feature of Cnidarians

Used to capture prey

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8
Q

Examples of Cnidarians

A

Hydra

Jellyfish

Sea anemones

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9
Q

Class Anthozoa

A 
Largest class of Cnidarians ~ 6200 species
e.g. sea anemones, corals, sea fans

Can be hard/soft corals

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10
Q

Cubozoa

A

Box jellyfish - ~50 species

Predators
Fatal stings to humans

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11
Q

Flatworms:
Phylum: Platyhelminthes I

A 
Bilateral symmetry
Triploblasty
Incomplete gut
Lacks circulatory system 
Thin bodies allow for gas diffusion between body + air
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12
Q

Platyhelminthes II

A

Asexual reproduction

fission, budding

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13
Q

Tubellaria

A

Free living flatworms

Marine, freshwater, terrestrial
Paraphyletic

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14
Q

Neodermata

A

Parasitic flatworms
Live as ectoparasites or endoparasites
Or live on bodies of other animals
Lack features of free living flatworms e.g. eyespots

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15
Q

Platyhelminthes III

A

Soft cephalized body
Cilia and muscle contraction

Digestive tract with single opening
No respiratory/circ or skeletal system

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16
Q

Platyhelminthes Reproduction

A

Hermaphrodite - each individual containing both male & female sexual structures

17
Q

Platyhelminthes: flatworms

A

Have regenerative ability

Able to regrow parts of their body that they are missing

18
Q

Trematoda - Flukes

A

Attach to host’s bodies by means of suckers, anchors or hooks.
Takes in food (cells/fluids) of host

First intermediate host - always a snail
Final - always a vertebrate

19
Q

Flukes (cause disease in humans)

A

Clonorchis sinensis

Flatworm paratizes humans

Lives in bile duct of liver (also cats, dogs and pigs)

20
Q

Cercomeromorpha

A

Tapeworms & hydatids

Hang on inner wall of host’s intestines through terminal attachment structure

21
Q

Cercomeromorpha

A

Lacks digestive cavity + digestive enzymes

Most tapeworms - occur in intestine of vertebrates. Regularly occur in humans

22
Q

Tapeworm structure

A

Long, flat body

Divided into three zones: scolex, the neck, and repetitive sections, the proglottids.

23
Q

The scolex

in flatworms

A

It is not a head

Has neither concentrated nervous tissue/mouth

24
Q

Proglottid (features)

A

Is a complete hermaphroditic unit

Contains both female and male reproductive organs

25
Q

A sponge’s structural materials (spicules, spongin) are manufactured by:

A

Amoebocytes

26
Q

Cnidarians capture food with:

A

Nematocysts - stinging capsules

27
Q

Coral animals’ exoskeleton compose of ______

A

Calcium carbonate.

28
Q

Sponges are most accurately described as:

A

filter feeders

29
Q

Characteristic of cnidarians:

A

gastrovascular cavity

30
Q

Scyphozoa

A

Jellyfish

31
Q

Anthozoa

A

Sea anemones, corals, sea fans

32
Q

Cubozoa

A

box jellies

33
Q

Hydrozoa

A

hydroids, Hydra, Portugese man-of-war

34
Q

Diploblasty

A

Two primary germ layers:

ectoderm and endoderm

35
Q

Characteristic of Platyhelminthes

A

Dorsoventrally flattened

36
Q

The _______ are small openings (pores) which allow water to enter a sponge

A

ostia

37
Q

Flatworms lack a fluid filled cavity in which the gut is suspended therefore are termed _______

A

Acoelomates

38
Q

In sponges what is the function of the Ostia?

A

They allow water carrying oxygen and food to enter the body.

39
Q

Choanocytes in sponges are for:

A

collecting food.

Found lining the internal cavity of the sponge

300802 Biodiversity (8 decks)

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