Chapter 33 Flashcards
Arnold Schoenberg
Austrian, Verklärte Nacht/Moses und Aron/Pierrot lunaire
Verklärte Nacht (“Transfigured Night”)
Arnold Schoenberg, String sextet
developing variation
A technique where variations are produced through the development of existing material at the same time, Arnold Schoenberg
atonality
Music that lacks a tonal center or key, Arnold Schoenberg
twelve-tone method
A technique where all 12 notes of the chromatic scale are used with equal frequency and importance while preventing the emphasis of any one note through the use of tone rows, Arnold Schoenberg
Moses und Aron
Arnold Schoenberg, Opera
Pierrot lunaire
Arnold Schoenberg/Giraud, Pierrot ensemble work
expressionism
A style that seeks to express meaning or emotional experience rather than physical reality, often distorting the world radically for emotional effect in order to evoke moods or ideas, Arnold Schoenberg
Albert Giraud
Belgian poet, Pierrot lunaire
Sprechstimme
A technique for voice that approximates the written pitches in the gliding tones of speech, while following the notated rhythm exactly, Arnold Schoenberg
row/series
The twelve pitch-classes of the chromatic scale arranged in an order chosen by the composer and made to produce a particular sequence of intervals, Arnold Schoenberg
retrograde
The reverse of a musical line, e.g. A Bb F# D -> D F# Bb A, Arnold Schoenberg
tetrachord
Any group of four consecutive notes from a row/series, Arnold Schoenberg
hexachord
Any group of six consecutive notes from a row/series, Arnold Schoenberg
Alban Berg
Austrian, Wozzeck/Lulu
Wozzeck
Alban Berg/Büchner, Opera
Georg Büchner
German dramatist and writer, Wozzeck
Lulu
Alban Berg, Opera
Anton Webern
Austrian, Symphony, op. 21
Symphony, op. 21
Anton Webern, Symphony
Klangfarbenmelodie (“Tone-color melody”)
A musical technique that involves splitting a musical line or melody between several instruments thereby adding color (tone) and texture to the melodic line, Anton Webern
Igor Stravinsky
Russian, The Firebird/Petrushka/The Rite of Spring/L’histoire du soldat/Symphony of Psalms/Agon/The Rake’s Progress/Epitaphium
Sergei Diaghilev
Russian art critic, founded the Ballets Russes and commissioned Stravinsky to write The Firebird/Petrushka/The Rite of Spring
Ballets Russes
Parisian ballet company, founded by Sergei Diaghilev and where Stravinsky wrote The Firebird/Petrushka/The Rite of Spring
The Firebird
Igor Stravinsky, Ballet
Petrushka
Igor Stravinsky, Ballet
Le Sacre du printemps (“The Rite of Spring”)
Igor Stravinsky, Ballet
L’histoire du soldat (“The Soldier’s Tale”)
Igor Stravinsky, Small ensemble work
Symphony of Psalms
Igor Stravinsky, Symphony
Agon
Igor Stravinsky/Balanchine, Ballet
George Balanchine
American ballet choreographer, founded the New York City Ballet and collaborated closely with Stravinsky, e.g. Agon
The Rake’s Progress
Igor Stravinsky, Opera
Epitaphium
Igor Stravinsky, Chamber work
Poetics of Music
A book written by Stravinsky containing ideas about his artistic process and accounts of his experiences, Igor Stravinsky
Béla Bartók
Hungarian, Bluebeard’s Castle/The Miraculous Mandarin/Concerto for Orchestra/Music for Strings, Percussion, and Celesta/Mikrokosmos
Zoltán Kodály
Hungarian, Háry János
Háry János
Zoltán Kodály, Opera
Bluebeard’s Castle
Béla Bartók, Opera
The Miraculous Mandarin
Béla Bartók, Ballet
Concerto for Orchestra
Béla Bartók, Concerto
Music for Strings, Percussion, and Celesta
Béla Bartók, Orchestral work
Mikrokosmos
Béla Bartók, Piano works in volumes
“The Influence of Peasant Music on Modern Music”
A journal article written by Bartók
