Chapter 33

Question 1

Examination of a child

Answer 1

To begin at the head and proceed to the toes, painful or frightening procedures to be left until thee end.

Question 2

Using the hands for palpating

Answer 2

Finger pads are used to palpate the breast,
Fingertips: lymph nodes, and pulses
Back of hand: temp
Palm of hand: vibrations

Question 3

Flat percussion sound

Answer 3

High-pitches, soft intensity sound elicited by percussing over sold masses, such as bone or muscle

Question 4

Dull percussion

Answer 4

Medium-pitched, medium-intensity sound elicited when percussing over high-density structures such as the liver

Question 5

Resonance percussion

Answer 5

Low-pitched, low intensity sound elicited over a hollow organ such as the lungs

Question 6

Hyperresonancy percussion

Answer 6

Very low, very loud, with a booming quality heard over the lungs in young children

Question 7

Tympani percussion

Answer 7

High-pitched, loud-intensity sound hear over air-filled body parts such as the bowel or stomach

Question 8

Indications of child abuse

Answer 8

Dress, grooming, posture and movements, body image distortion, speech and communication, facial characteristics and expressions, psychological state

Question 9

The complete history

Answer 9

Statistical info (name, age)
Patient profile (times the child eats and sleeps)
Health history 
Family history 
Lifestyle and life patterns
Review of systems

Question 10

Problem oriented history

Answer 10

Chief complaint 
Body location
Quality
Chronology 
Setting
Aggravating and alleviating factors 
Treatment

Question 11

Skin inspection in dark skinned children

Answer 11

Erythema: dusky red or violet
Cyanosis: black or dusky
Jaundice: diffusers darker than the child’s normal color

Question 12

Vitiligo

Answer 12

Depigmentation

Question 13

Nevi

Answer 13

Areas of increased pigmentation

Question 14

Jaundice

Answer 14

A yellow discoloration of the skin, best seen in the sclera of the eyes

Question 15

Cyanosis

Answer 15

A blue discoloration of the skin, best seen in all races in the mucous membrane of the mouth, particularly under the tongue

Question 16

Carotenemia

Answer 16

An orange color of the skin, best seen on the soles of the feet and palms of the heads

Question 17

Pallor

Answer 17

Loss of skin color

Question 18

Erythema

Answer 18

Diffusely red

Question 19

Mottling

Answer 19

Discolored areas of the skin

Question 20

Normocephalic

Answer 20

Normal sized head

Question 21

Microcephalic

Answer 21

Head small for body size and age

Question 22

Macrocephalic

Answer 22

Abnormally large head

Question 23

Bossing

Answer 23

Frontal enlargement

Question 24

Normal findings in children

Answer 24

Small, firm, nontender, and shorty lymph nodes might be palpate
Tonsils of varying sizes
Pupils of equal size
Pulses in upper and lower extremities

Question 25

Neurologic “soft” signs

Answer 25

Short attention span
Poor motor coordination
Clumsiness
Frequent falling
Hyperkinesis 
Uneven perceptual development 
Incomplete laterality
Language disturbances 
Motor outflow
Mirroring movements of the extremities