Chapter 3.2 The Impact Of Sport On Society And Of Society On Sport

Question 1

Sociology 2 main concerns

Answer 1

1. Examining interactions and interdependence i.e. way people live in groups within society
2. Examining how human behaviour becomes controlled e.g. via family members, friends

Question 2

Define society

Answer 2

Group of people involved in persistent interpersonal relationships, often a large social grouping sharing the same geographical territory

Question 3

Define socialisation

Answer 3

Lifelong process where members of society learn its norms, values, ideas, practices and roles in order to take their place in that society

Question 4

Primary socialisation

Answer 4

• socialisation during the early years of childhood which takes place mainly within the immediate family
• key process = internalisation of a societies culture where individuals accept its shared norms and values
• when families teach basic values and accepted behaviour patterns e.g. learn how to share, interact and practice becoming an adult.

Question 5

Secondary socialisation

Answer 5

• occurs during the later years when the family is less involved and other ‘agencies’ are set up for the socialisation process (e.g. school, friends)
• school very important for development

Question 6

Social control

Answer 6

• way in which peoples thoughts, feelings, appearance and behaviour are regulated in social systems
• society made up of institutions, with family being the most basic unit
• institutions work together - variety of ‘social processes’ ensure socialisation into society.

Question 7

Examples of social control and social pressures

Answer 7

Social control = from peers or the media to ‘look feminine’ and maintain slim appearance, don’t play boxing or rugby
Social pressure = women made to feel guilty about leaving a baby and give up active leisure pursuits

Question 8

Social change and examples

Answer 8

• occurs when institutions re-adjust to meet ‘new needs’ of groups in society such as women (gender equalities)
• ethnic groups - face constraints on their participation in sport.
  Example of social change for gender:
  ‘This girl can’ - change women’s participation in sport, and how they view it

Question 9

Social issues - causes of inequality

Answer 9

• lack of money / costs of participating
• lack of confidence / self-esteem
• lack of role models to aspire to as participants/ coaches of sports in positions of responsibility
• myths / stereotypes; capabilities of women

Question 10

When does social inequality occur & consequences of it

Answer 10

• when resources in a society are unevenly distributed among socially defined categories of people
• lower participation e.g. from disabilities, women, ethnic minority groups

Question 11

Social structures and social stratification

Answer 11

• structures = school you go to effects the the amount of time devoted to sport, quality of coaching / teaching, facilities you train in.
• social stratification = systems of rankings within society e.g. weather / Status
  Importance = top of the system have greater access to resources than those at the bottom

Question 12

Social class / stratification and schools

Answer 12

• children from low-income families have less money to spend on equipment.