Chapter 32 Part 1

Question 0

Extra cellular matrix (ECM)

Answer 0

A complex mesh work of proteins and polysaccharides secreted by animal cells and in which they are embedded.

Question 1

Animal

Answer 1

A member of a major lineage of eukaryotes whose members typically have a complex, large, multicellular body, eat other organisms, and are mobile.

Question 2

Neuron

Answer 2

A cell that is specialized for the transmission of nerve impulses. Typically has dendrites, a cell body, and a long axon that forms synapses with other neurons.

Question 3

Heterotroph

Answer 3

Any organism that cannot synthesize reduced organic compounds from inorganic sources and that must obtain them by eating other organisms. Some bacteria, some archaea, virtually all fungi and animals.

Question 4

Consumer

Answer 4

Any organism that cannot synthesize reduced organic compounds from inorganic sources.

Question 5

Model Organism

Answer 5

An organism selected for intensive scientific study based on features that make it easy to work with, in the hope that findings will apply to other species.

Question 6

Phylum

Answer 6

In Linnaeus’ system, a taxonomic category above the class level an below the kingdom level.

Question 7

Body Plan

Answer 7

The basic architecture of an animal’s body, including the number and arrangement of limbs, body segments, and major issue layers.

Question 8

Tissue

Answer 8

Groups of similar cells organized into structural and functional units.

Question 9

Epithelium

Answer 9

An animal tissue consisting of sheet-layers of tightly packed cells that lines an organ, a duct, or a body surface. Also called epithelial tissue.

Question 10

Diploblast

Answer 10

And animal his body develops from two basic embryonic cellular layers- ectoderm and endoderm.

Question 11

Triploblast

Answer 11

An animal whose body develops from three basic embryonic cell: ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm.

Question 12

Germ layer

Answer 12

In animals, one of the three basic types of tissue formed during gastrulation; gives rise to all other tissues.

Question 13

Ectoderm

Answer 13

The outermost of the three basic lawyers in most in animal embryos; gives rise to the outer covering of the nervous system

Question 14

Endoderm

Answer 14

The innermost layer in animal embryos; gives rise to the digestive track and organ his organs that connect to it.

Question 15

Mesoderm

Answer 15

The middle of The three basic layers in most animal embryos; gives rise, bones, blood, and some internal organs

Question 16

Nerve net

Answer 16

A nervous system in which neurons are defused instead of being clustered into large masses or tracks

Question 17

Ganglion

Answer 17

A massive neurons in a centralized nervous system

Question 18

Central nervous system (CNS)

Answer 18

The brain and spinal cord and a vertebrate animals

Question 19

Brain

Answer 19

A large mass of neurons located in the head region of an animal, that is involved in information processing

Question 20

Symmetry

Answer 20

the quality of being made up of exactly similar parts facing each other or around an axis.

Question 21

Asymmetrical

Answer 21

having parts that fail to correspond to one another in shape, size, or arrangement; lacking symmetry.

Question 22

Radial symmetry

Answer 22

An animal body pattern in which there are at least two planes of symmetry. Typically the body is in the form of a cylinder for this, body parts radiating from a central hub.

Question 23

Bilateral symmetry

Answer 23

Animal body pattern in which there is one plane of symmetry dividing the body into a left side and a right side. Typically, the Body is long and narrow, with a distinct head end and tail end.

Question 24

Cephalization

Answer 24

The formation of a distinct anterior region parentheses the head parentheses where sense organs and a mouse are clustered

Question 25

Coelom

Answer 25

An internal, usually fluid filled, body cavity that is lined with mesoderm

Question 26

Acoelomate

Answer 26

An animal that lacks an internal body cavity (coelom).

Question 27

Coelomate

Answer 27

An animal that has a true coelom

Question 28

Hydrostatic skeleton

Answer 28

A system of body support involving fluid filled compartment that can change in shape but cannot easily be compressed

Question 29

Bilateria

Answer 29

A major lineage of animals that are bilaterally symmetrical at some point

Question 30

Protosome

Answer 30

A major lineage of animals that share a pattern of embryological development, including formation of the mouth earlier than the anis, and formation of the coelom by splitting of a block of mesoderm

Question 31

Deuterostome

Answer 31

A major lineage of animals that share a pattern of embryological development, including formation of the anis earlier than the mouth, and formation of the coelom by pinching off of layers of mesoderm from the gut

Question 32

Gastrulation

Answer 32

The process by which some cells on the outside of a young embryo move to the interior of the embryo, resulting in the three distinct germ layers

Question 33

Tube-within-a-tube

Answer 33

a convenient way to think of nematode body structure, and also a term used to refer to a major trend in the evolution of triploblastic metazoa