Chapter 32 Flashcards
thoracic cavity is under _________ pressure
negative
thoracotomy:
open chest surgery
name the 3 process involved in respiratory function:
- ventilitation
- diffusion
- perfusion
ventilitation:
the breathing process; contraction of the diaphragm and accessory muscles and expansion of ribs to pull air into the lungs
diffusion:
transfer of oxygen from alveoli in the lungs to the bloodstream
perfusion:
movement and absorption of oxygen molecules into body tissue
the internal nose is highly_____________
vascular
the pharynx is located behind the __________ cavity
oral
the pharynx communicates with the _________ ________
nasal cavities
the oropharynx lies immediately below the _____
mouth
the larynx connects the _____ with the ________
trachea, oropharynx
the cricord cartiliage is the only completly closed ring in the trachea? true or false
true
the right lung has _______ lobes
3
pleuritis:
inflammation of pleural membranes
increase of fluid is called:
pleural effusion
pleural space is called __________ space
potential
in pleural effusion the lungs can not expand fully. true or false
true
breathing is a complex PHYSIOLOGICAL and __________ process
mechanical
the thoracic cavity is a _______ space
closed
skin prep extends from ________ to __________
neck, iliac crest
Most common incisions in pulmonary surgery are :
posterolateral and anterolaterial
Lukens trap is used in what procedure?
rigid bronchoscopy
__________ bronchoscopy is used for interventional procedures which require a large bore endoscope for removal of tissue mass or foreign body
Rigid
______ scope is larger than that of a flexible bronchoscope
Rigid
_____ bronchoscopy is preferred over ______ bronchoscopy
Flexible
rigid
thoracoscopy in an adult requires __mm lenses in sizes 0 degree and 30 degree
10
__________ is endoscopic exam of the mediastinum through an incision
Mediastinoscopy
duval forceps are used in what procedure
lung volum reduction
Thoracotomy:
open surgery for the thoracic cavity
Sarot clamp is used in what procedure?
thoracotomy
a Finochietto self retaining retractor is commonly used in ?
Thoracotomy procedure
Sauerbruch rib shears are used in what procedure?
Thoracotomy
in a thoracotomy, a rib approximator ( THE BAILEY) is used to?
bring the ribs together
lobectomy:
a lobe of the lung is removed to prevent the spread of cancer or to treat benign tumor
Pneumonectomy:
removal of entire lung
__________ is also a pallative measure to slow progression of cancer
debulking
Sarot clamp is commponly used in what procedure>
Pneumonectomy
Rib resection for Thoracic Outlet Syndrome:
(TOS) is a rare condition in which subclavian vessels and the brachial plexus are compressed at the apex of the thorax
the goal of what procedure is to release the compression of the neurovascular tissue and restore function to the upper extremilty, neck and shoulder
Ribe Resection for Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
Decortication of the lung:
surgical removal of a portion of the parietal pleura
____________ is the removal of the pleura:
Pleurectomy
Pleurectomy are performed to treat pleural cancer such as_________
mesothelioma
______________ lung procedures require ____________ support
bilateral
cardiopulmonary
Pulmonary funtion test measure
lung function
Arterial blood test are the most important blood test for _____________
pulmonary function
bronchoscopy is the insertion of a flexable fiberoptic or _________ telescope into the trachea and bronchi
rigid
functions as a flap to close the entrance to the trachea during swallowing
epiglottis
The lumen of a rigid bronchoscope is larger than that of a flexable bronchoscope true or false
true
Pneumonectomy is preformed in what position?
lateral
Incision for mediastinoscopy is made __________
suprasternal
Important complication of the Rigid Bronchoscopy is?
injury to the tracheobronchial structures
The trachea is mainly composed of ____ shaped rings
C
Large blood vessels and primary bronchi enter the lungs at the _________
hilum
diaphragm contracts during __________
inhalation
diaphragm relaxes during ____________
exhalation
Tidal volume:
amount of air exhauled during normal respiration
Minute volume:
amount of air exhauled per minute
vital capacity:
total volume of air after maxium INSPIRATION
functional residual capacity:
volume of air remaing in the lungs
forced vital capacity
amount of air expelled in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd second after echalation
peak expiratory flow rate
maximum amount of air expelled in forced EXPIRATION
