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Biology Final > Chapter 32 > Flashcards

Chapter 32 Flashcards

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1
Q

Hemocoel

A

Interconnected chambers in body filled with blood/hemolymph

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2
Q

Hemolymph

A

Blood-like fluid

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3
Q

Closed circulatory system

A

Blood stays inside heart and blood vessels; better delivery efficiency than open system

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4
Q

Functions of circulatory system

A

Transport oxygen, carbon dioxide between cells and gills/lungs
Transport nutrients, toxic substances, waste
Transport immune system defenses, blood clotting mechanisms, hormone signals

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5
Q

Atrium

A

Receives blood from veins

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6
Q

Ventricles

A

Sends blood into arteries

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7
Q

Animals with 2-chambered heart

A

Fishes

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8
Q

Animals with 3-chambered heart

A

Amphibians, some reptiles

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9
Q

Animals with 4-chambered heart

A

Birds, mammals

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10
Q

Pulmonary Circuit

A

Blood to/from lungs and heart

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11
Q

Systemic Circuit

A

Blood to/from heart and other organs and tissues

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12
Q

Vena Cava

A

Veins that drain oxygen-poor blood from body into heart

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13
Q

Pulmonary Artery

A

Send oxygen-poor blood away from heart to lungs

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14
Q

Pulmonary Vein

A

Drain oxygen-rich blood from lungs into heart

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15
Q

Aorta

A

Artery that sends oxygen-rich blood from heart into body

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16
Q

Pulmonary circuit flow

A 
Blood travels through vena cava
Blood enters right atrium 
Blood enters right ventricle 
Blood travels through pulmonary arteries 
Blood enters lungs
Gas exchange occurs
Blood leaves lungs
Blood travels through pulmonary veins 
Blood enters left atrium 
Blood enters left ventricle 
Blood travels through aorta
17
Q

Erythrocytes

A

Red; carry oxygen

18
Q

Leukocyte

A

White; defend body from unwanted substances

19
Q

Platelets

A

Stimulate clotting, form plugs and stick to vessel walls

20
Q

Arteries

A

Carry blood away from heart; thick elastic walls can expand and recoil

21
Q

Capillaries

A

Tiny thin walled exchange vessels; nearby body cells and blood can send gases, nutrients, waste through easily

22
Q

Veins

A

Drain blood to heart; push blood back to heart

23
Q

Arteriosclerosis

A

Thickening or toughening of artery walls

24
Q

Treatment of Arteriosclerosis

A

A stent or balloon angioplasty compresses plaque to allow blood flow

25
Q

Coronary artery disease

A

Arteries that supply the heart itself are blocked

26
Q

Treatment for CAD

A

Blocked artery is bypassed by inserting another vessel, usually a leg vein

27
Q

Open circulatory system

A

Blood directly bathes body tissues, organs in hemocoel

Biology Final (11 decks)

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