Chapter 32-33 Rome

Question 1

How was Rome founded according to the myth?

Answer 1

1. There were two twins named Romulus and Remus. They were princes, but their uncle heard that they would overpower him, so he sent men to drown them in the Tiber river.
2. But then, a wolf rescued them and raised them as her own.
3. They built a city on where they were rescued but, they got into a fight and Romulus killed Remus.
4. Romulus was then king and he named the city after himself, Rome.

Question 2

How was Rome founded according to history?

Answer 2

1. The Latin first settled there.
2. They settled on a hill called Palentine.
3. They expanded their empire.

Question 3

Etruscan engineering

Answer 3

Learned = arch, cuniculus (underwater tunnel) (irrigate land), aqueducts, bridges, stadiums

Question 4

Etruscan sports

Answer 4

Learned = slave fighting (Gladiators), chariot races

Question 5

Greek architecture

Answer 5

Learned = columns, designs, temples designed after Greek god

Question 6

Greek writing

Answer 6

Learned = alphabet (modified 2x), loved Greek poetry and myths, documents on walls

Question 7

Greek art

Answer 7

Learned = pottery (copied technique)
wealthy = collected
sculptures = created lively and realistic

Question 8

Greek religion

Answer 8

Learned = blended other gods with their own (same god, different names)

Question 9

Republic

Answer 9

Elect your leaders

Question 10

Consuls

Answer 10

Two
Head of Roman government 
Chosen each year
Administrators and military leaders
Had the power to VETO 
Both had to agree before a law was passed

Question 11

Veto

Answer 11

To reject the law

Question 12

Senate

Answer 12

300 men
Chosen for life
Handled daily problems
Advised the consuls
Discussed ways to deal with other countries
Proposed laws
Approved public contrasts

Question 13

Public contrast

Answer 13

Build things

Question 14

Judges, assemblies, tribunes (for the plebs)

Answer 14

All Roman citizens
Declaring war
Agreeing to peace term

Question 15

American government

Answer 15

Executive (consuls) = president, veto power, agree for any law to be passed, technically head of military
Legislative (senate) = declare war, propose laws
Judicial (JAT)

Question 16

Who ruled Rome between 616 and 509 BCE?

Answer 16

Etruscan kings

Question 17

Who were the patricians?

Answer 17

Rich
small group of wealthy landowners
advised the king
5%
set up Republic 
Had the most value land

Question 18

Who were the Plebeians?

Answer 18

Poor
95%
Peasants, laborers, craftspeople, and shopkeepers
Couldn’t be government officials
Had little voice

Question 19

Why was the balance of power like this at the beginning of the Republic?

Answer 19

Because the power is in the hands of Senate.

Plebs excluded

Question 20

What was the Conflict of Order?

Answer 20

The Pleb’s rebellion

Question 21

What was the balance of power between Pats and the Plebs when the Republic was first created?

Answer 21

After taking over the Etruscans, all the power was in the hands of the Patricians.

Question 22

What was the balance of power between the Pats and the Plebs during the Conflict of Orders in 494 BCE?

Answer 22

Patricians still held the power but the Plebs were starting to fight for more power.

Question 23

Why were the Pat frightened?

Answer 23

1. Plebs marched out of the city and camped on a hill.
2. Without the Plebs work, Rome would shut down.
3. The Pats were afraid than an army without plebs could not defend Rome?

Question 24

How did they gain political power in 494 (after Conflict of Orders)?

Answer 24

ELECT A TRIBUNE OF PLEBS
Spoke for plebs
Later this Tribune could veto actins of the Senate
COUNCIL OF PLEBS
Made laws for the plebs

Question 25

What were political characteristics of the Roman Republic?

Answer 25

Constitution = written laws

Checks and balances = branches of government had different responsibilities

Question 26

How did the plebs gain political power in over next 200 years?

Answer 26

451 BCE = twelve tables
Finally laws written and Pats can’t change them
367 BCE = consuls
One of two consuls had to be a pleb
This means plebs in senate
287 BCE = laws
Plebs can pass laws for all Roman citizens
Assemblies of ALL Roman citizens
More and more plebs in senate

Question 27

List the events in order.

Answer 27

1. Patricians take over Etruscan. (509 BCE)
2. Elect a tribune of plebs and Council of plebs. (494 BCE)
3. Twelve tables (451 BCE)
4. Consuls (367 BCE)
5. Laws (287 BCE)