Chapter 32

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a unique characteristic of all chordates at some time in their life history?

A. a dorsal notochord
B. a ventral hollow nerve cord
C. pharyngeal pouches
D. radial symmetry
E. a postanal tail

Answer 1

D. radial symmetry

Question 2

Defining characteristics of chordates are

Answer 2

gill arches or pharyngeal pouches, dorsal tubular nerve cord, notochord, and postanal tail.

Question 3

sequence of vertebrate evolution

Answer 3

jawless fish - lobe-finned fish - amphibians - reptiles - mammals

Question 4

In vertebrates, the _______ is/are usually replaced by ________.

Answer 4

notochord; a vertebral column

Question 5

the correct order of evolution of chordate features

Answer 5

vertebrae - jaws - lungs - limbs - amnion

Question 6

the correct evolutionary pathway for the key features of chordates

Answer 6

notochord - vertebrae - jaws - bony skeleton - lungs - 4 limbs - amniotic egg - mammary glands

Question 7

Jaws are believed to have evolved from the

Answer 7

first pair of gill arches.

Question 8

The lancelets are found

Answer 8

commonly in the sandy bottoms of shallow coastal waters around the world.

Question 9

Which of these is NOT a characteristic of a shark?

A. ability to sense electric currents in the water
B. skeleton of cartilage
C. a sucker used to attach to prey
D. ability to sense pressure of other swimming objects
E. ability to detect blood in minute amounts

Answer 9

C a sucker used to attach to prey

Question 10

Sharks

Answer 10

have a keen sense of smell.

Question 11

Which of these characteristics is NOT found in the amphibians but is developed in reptiles?

A. thin, moist skin
B. internal fertilization
C. aquatic larvae
D. eggs with gelatinous covering

Answer 11

B. internal fertilization

Question 12

Which characteristic first developed in reptiles?

Answer 12

amniotic egg

Question 13

Which of the following features was NOT necessary for adaptation by reptiles to life on land?

A. hard, horny scales
B. internal fertilization by means of a penis
C. shelled egg
D. being cold-blooded
E. well-developed lungs

Answer 13

D. being cold-blooded

Question 14

Mammals are different from birds in all these characteristics EXCEPT

A. having hair.
B. having mammary glands.
C. maintaining a constant body temperature.
D. having young born alive

Answer 14

C. maintaining a constant body temperature.

Question 15

Which of the following features is NOT a characteristic used to distinguish birds?

A. feathers
B. air sacs
C. body temperature that varies with environment
D. hard-shelled egg
E. four-chambered heart

Answer 15

C. body temperature that varies with environment

Question 16

An animal that is characterized by vertebrae, dorsal hollow nerve cord, hair, and mammary glands must be a(n)

Answer 16

mammal

Question 17

The chief distinguishing characteristic of all mammals is the presence of

Answer 17

hair and mammary glands

Question 18

T or F? All mammals have an embryo that develops with a placenta.

Answer 18

False

Question 19

Tiktaalik roseae is considered to be a transitional form between

Answer 19

lobe-finned fish and amphibians.

Question 20

The juvenile amphibian generally hatches from an egg and develops

Answer 20

in water.

Question 21

Primates have characteristics like opposable thumbs and toes, arms that can reach in almost any direction, and stereoscopic vision with eyes at the front of the face rather than sides of the head. This characteristics are thought to be well adapted to life

Answer 21

in trees