Chapter 31 - Transcultural and Social Aspects of Nutrition

Question 1

_________ refers to both a cooking style (fried, barbecued) and particular foods (e.g., blacked-eyed peas, collard greens) that people living in the southeastern United States commonly eat.

Answer 1

Soul food.

Question 2

Persons who eat plant and dairy products but no eggs are called:

Answer 2

Lacto-vegetarians.

Question 3

Tofu is a good source of _______ and calcium.

Answer 3

Protein.

Question 4

Mexican Americans often serve _____ with all meals, along with rice and refried beans.

Answer 4

Tortillas.

Question 5

Jews who follow a ________ diet do not eat pork products, shellfish, or scavenger fish.

Answer 5

Kosher.

Question 6

May consume cooked starchy tubers and tropical fruits.

Answer 6

Black Americans from the Caribbean.

Question 7

Eat poultry, pork, and fermented fish and consume beef occasionally.

Answer 7

Vietnamese Americans.

Question 8

Believe that a balance of “hot” and “cold” food is required for health.

Answer 8

Hispanic Americans.

Question 9

May eat every mouthful of food with a bite of bread.

Answer 9

Middle Eastern Americans.

Question 10

List the correct sequence for the least restrictive to most restrictive vegetarian diets.

Answer 10

1. Lacto-ovo vegetarian
2. Ovo-vegetarians
3. Lacto-vegetarians
4. Vegan

Question 11

A nurse is assessing a South American client regarding her dietary practices. What food is the nurse more likely to notice in the diet of such a client, compared with a client from North America?

Answer 11

Fruits.

Question 12

Which of the following are conditions that are more likely to occur in Black American clients?

Answer 12

1. Obesity
2. Hypertension
3. Diabetes

Question 13

A nurse has been asked to plan the diet for a Lacto-vegetarian client. What can the nurse include in the diet plan of such a client?

Answer 13

Plant and dairy products.

Question 14

A nurse is assessing a 30-year-old client of Cuban origin. Which is the nurse most likely to notice when assessing this client’s diet?

Answer 14

Limited intake of milk.

Question 15

A Puerto Rican woman is admitted to a healthcare facility in her 38th week of pregnancy. Being culturally sensitive, what food should the nurse omit from the client’s diet chart?

Answer 15

Sour food.

Question 16

Which vitamin is most likely to be deficient in a vegan client?

Answer 16

Vitamin B12.

Question 17

Which statement indicates a correct dietary response to the condition listed?

-Decreased fluid intake for hypertension.
-Increased fluid intake for fever.
-Limited salt intake for malabsorption.
-Large, frequent meals for anorexia.

Answer 17

Increased fluid intake for fever.

Question 18

A nurse has to help an elderly client feel comfortable during his meals and provide a secure and safe environment. Which of the following mealtime interventions are most appropriate for the nurse to perform when caring for this client?

Answer 18

1. Encourage the client to telephone home.
2. Visit the client for a few minutes.
3. Turn on the television or radio.

Question 19

Ethnic dietary practices may play a different role in the health and illness of a client. What potential health problems can occur with a diet with low intake of milk and dairy products?

Answer 19

Rickets or Osteoporosis.

Question 20

During the assessment of an Orthodox Jewish client, the nurse should keep in mind that most people of this religious group follow a Kosher diet. What is the requirement of this diet?

Answer 20

Food is not cooked during the Sabbath, which is from sundown Friday to sundown Saturday.

Question 21

When considering diet and its effect on health, which statement by the client needs further follow-up by the nurse?

Answer 21

“I cook my vegetables for a long period of time until they are very soft.”

Question 22

Which common dietary practice does the nurse need to consider when caring for an African American from the Caribbean?

Answer 22

May consume cooked starchy tubers and tropical fruits.

Question 23

Which common dietary practice does the nurse need to consider when caring for a Cuban American client?

Answer 23

Fried foods, especially fish, poultry, eggs; rice, and many varieties of beans.

Question 24

A nurse is caring for a client who has lactose intolerance. What supplementation to the diet should the nurse include in client teaching?

Answer 24

Vitamin D.

Question 25

What should the nurse keep in mind regarding the general supply of nutrients in the traditional Chinese diet?

Answer 25

Low in fat, high in starch.

Question 26

Which food should the nurse suggest as the best source of both protein and calcium when counseling a client who eats a traditional Japanese diet?

Answer 26

Tofu.

Question 27

A nurse is caring for a Jewish client who follows a kosher diet. Which food, when prepared, according to kosher law, can be included in the diet of a Jewish client in need of increased protein?

Answer 27

Beef.

Question 28

The client expresses extreme reluctance to eat hospital food. What intervention should the nurse attempt to implement to assure the client’s nutritional needs are met?

Answer 28

Obtain permission to let the client’s family bring food from home.

Question 29

What food choices should the nurse include when discussing the importance of increasing fiber in the diet?

Answer 29

Kidney, Pinto, or garbanzo beans, split peas, lentils.

Question 30

A client is lactose intolerant. What is the nurse most likely to notice when assessing the client’s diet?

Answer 30

Limited intake of milk.

Question 31

______________ eat plant food, plus eggs (no dairy products.

Answer 31

Ovo-vegetarians.

Question 32

Conservative Jews follow _______________ eating, which demands meats must be slaughtered by a Ritual method and only the front quarter of the animal may be eaten.

Answer 32

Kosher.

Question 33

The expression of _________ foods has become a global phenomenon of consuming excess amounts of simple sugars, fried foods, and calories.

Answer 33

Westernizing.

Question 34

__________ is the process that occurs as individuals adopt beliefs, values, attitudes, and behaviors of the dominant culture.

Answer 34

Acculturation.

Question 35

_________ food is a type of cuisine that refers to both a cooking style (fried, barbeque) And particulars foods (black-eyed peas, collard greens) that blacks and whites in the southeastern United States commonly eat.

Answer 35

Soul.

Question 36

True/False: All cultures celebrate social, cultural, and religious events by sharing food.

Answer 36

True.

Question 37

True/False: Vegetarians have lower rates of coronary artery disease, hypertension, and obesity.

Answer 37

True.

Question 38

True/False: High temperatures can destroy vitamins.

Answer 38

True.

Question 39

True/False: In Filipino culture, food is often used as a gift and to express appreciation.

Answer 39

True.

Question 40

True/False: In the Chinese culture, yin conditions are treated with yang goods and vice-versa, to achieve a balance between positive and negative energy.

Answer 40

True.

Question 41

The nurse is caring for a client who is on a regular diet but has not eaten any food from the tray for 2 days. Which nursing action would be appropriate at this time?

Answer 41

Obtain a dietary consult and permission to have food brought in by the family.

Question 42

A client says, “I have been using home remedies to thin my blood.” Which food items should the nurse caution the client about ingesting while taking warfarin (Coumadin)?

Answer 42

Dark, green, leafy vegetables.

Question 43

The nurse is caring for a client who does not speak English. The family member present with the client informs the nurse that foods must be Yin since the client has a Yang condition. Which type of food would adhere to this request?

Answer 43

Cooked at low temperatures.

Question 44

A client who practices Orthodox Judaism and follows a kosher diet receives a tray for supper and requests that it be taken away. Which item on the tray would the nurse recognize that the client is unable to consume?

Answer 44

Baked pork chop with gravy.

Question 45

The nurse is caring for a client who is Muslim in the acute care facility during the month of Ramadan. How will the client’s eating patterns alter during this time period?

Answer 45

A breakfast tray will be brought prior to dawn and a supper tray after dark.

Question 46

A nurse educator is teaching a class on culture and food to a group of newly hired nurses. Which of the following statements by a nurse indicates an understanding of the teaching?

Answer 46

Clients who practice orthodox Judaism do not eat meat with daily products.

Question 47

Which of the following are guidelines to provide a sense of social involvement for clients during meals:

Answer 47

In a double room, open the curtain.
Let clients meet in a common lounge for meals.
Allow two clients to eat together.

Question 48

A nurse is caring for an Asian client who has hypertension. Which of the traditional Asian dietary patterns places the client at risk for this condition?

Answer 48

Preparation of foods using sodium.

Question 49

A nurse is caring for a client who follows a vegan diet. Which of the following foods should the nurse offer the client?

Answer 49

Wheat toast with peanut butter.

Question 50

Meat and dairy may not be eaten at the same meal. Pork products, rabbit, shellfish, and scavenger fish are not allowed.

Answer 50

Jewish.

Question 51

Abstain from alcohol and may not use stimulants, Meat is eaten sparingly and “in season”.

Answer 51

Mormon.

Question 52

Fast and abstain from meat on Fridays during Lent. May not eat or drink (except water) for 1 hour before taking Holy Communion.

Answer 52

Roman Catholic.

Question 53

Most are vegetarians, some lacto/lacto-ovo vegetarians, and may not use alcohol, Coffee, tea, and chocolate are widely used?

Answer 53

Hindu.

Question 54

Observe Ramadan for 1 month each year, they fast from dawn until after dark. honey, dates, milk, meat, seafood, and olive oil are considered healthy.

Answer 54

Muslim.