Chapter 31 - Perioperative Nursing

Question 1

What is preoperative?

Answer 1

Begins with decision to have surgery, lasts until patient is transferred to operating room or procedural bed

Question 3

What is intraoperative

Answer 3

Begins when then patient is transferred to the OR bed until transfer to the postanesthesia care unit ( pacu )

Question 4

What is postoperative?

Answer 4

Last from admission to the pacu or other recovery area to complete recovery from surgery and last follow up health care provider visit

Question 5

What are the 3 types of surgical procedures?

Answer 5

Urgency, risk and purpose

Question 6

What is anesthesia?

Answer 6

Loss of sensation in all or part of the body with or without loss of consciousness

Question 7

What is general in anesthesia?

Answer 7

Administration of drugs by inhalation or intravenous route

Question 8

What is moderate sedation/ analgesia

Answer 8

Conscious sedation / analgesia p, used for short term minimally invasive procedures

Question 9

What is regional anesthesia

Answer 9

Anesthetic agent injected near a nerve or nerve pathway or around operative site

Question 10

What is topical and local anesthesia?

Answer 10

used in mucous membranes, open skin, sounds, burns

Question 11

What’s the 3 phases of general anesthesia?

Answer 11

Inductions - from administration of anesthesia to ready for incision
Maintenance - from incision to near completions of procedure
Emergence - starts when patients emerges from anesthesia and is ready to leave operating room

Question 12

What are the 5 states of anesthesia

Answer 12

Loss of consciousness
Amnesia ( loss of memory )
Analgesia ( absence of pain )
Relaxed skeletal muscle
Depressed reflexes

Question 13

What’s the 3 type of regional anesthesia

Answer 13

Nerve blocks , spinal anesthesia, epidural anesthesia

Question 14

What is a living will?

Answer 14

A legal document that expresses in advance a persons . Instruction or preference about future treatment particularly end of life care in the event the person loses capacity to make health care decisions

Question 15

What is durable power of attorney for health care

Answer 15

A legal document that appoints a person ( typically called a health care agent , but also proxy, health care representative, or other name depending on the state. To make decisions or the person in the event of incapacity to make health care decisions

Question 16

What are some benefits of the same day surgery

Answer 16

Reduces length of hospital stay and cuts cost
Reduces stress for the patients
May require additional teaching and home care services for certain patients

Question 17

What are some risks from a anticoagulants

Answer 17

Precipitate hemorrhage

Question 18

What are some risks from diuretics

Answer 18

Electrolytes imbalances, respiratory depression from anesthesia

Question 19

What are some risks from adrenal steroids

Answer 19

Abrupt withdrawal may cause cardiovascular collapse

Question 20

What are some risks from a antibiotics in my in group

Answer 20

Respiratory paralysis when combined with certain muscle relaxants

Question 21

What’s the nurses role in pre surgical testing

Answer 21

Ensure that tests are explain to the patient
Ensure that appropriate specimens are collected
Ensures that results are recorded in patients records before surgery
Ensure that abnormal results are reported

Question 22

What is the protocol to prevent wrong site, wrong procedure and wrong person surgery

Answer 22

Preoperative patient identification verification process
Marking the operative site
Final verification just prior to beginning the procedure referred to as the time out