Chapter 3.1 Organization of the Nervous System Notes Flashcards
The nervous system is organized into the _________ consisting of the brain and spinal cord and the __________ consisting of nerve fibres that carry information between the CNS and other parts of the body
The nervous system is organized into the Central Nervous System (CNS) consisting of the brain and spinal cord and the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) consisting of nerve fibres that carry information between the CNS and other parts of the body
The PNS is subdivided into ______ and ______ divisions
The PNS is subdivided into Afferent and Efferent divisions
The afferent division carries information ______ the CNS
The afferent division carries information to the CNS (afferent - A - Arrival)
The efferent division carries information ____ the CNS to ________
The efferent division carries information away from the CNS to effector organs
(Efferent - E - Exit)
What are Effector Organs?
Muscles or glands that carry out instructions to bring about the desired effect
The efferent nervous system is further divided into the ________ and ________ nervous systems
The efferent nervous system is further divided into the somatic and autonomic nervous systems
What does the somatic nervous system consists of?
The nerve fibres of the motor neurons that supply the skeletal muscles
What does the Autonomic Nervous system consist of?
Nerve fibres that innervate smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands
The Autonomic Nervous system is further subdivided into the _________ and _________ nervous systems
The Autonomic Nervous system is further subdivided into the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems
The sypathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems both innervate most of the ____ supplied by the autonomic system
The sypathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems both innervate most of the organs supplied by the autonomic system
What are the three functional classes of neurons?
- Afferent Neurons
- Efferent Neurons
- Interneurons
The afferent division of the peripheral nervous system consists of ______ neurons
The afferent division of the peripheral nervous system consists of afferent neurons
At its peripheral ending, a typical afferent neuron has a _____ ______ that generates action potentials in response to a particular type of stimulus (eg touch)
At its peripheral ending, a typical afferent neuron has a sensory receptor that generates action potentials in response to a particular type of stimulus (eg touch)
Which funtional type of neuron has a cell body that is devoid of dendrites and presynaptic inputs?
Afferent Neuron
Along with Afferent neurons, _____ neurons also lie primarily within the peripheral nervous system
Along with Afferent neurons, Efferent neurons also lie primarily within the peripheral nervous system
Efferent neuron cell bodies originate in the _____ where many centrally located presynaptic inputs converge on them to influence their outputs to the ______ organs
Efferent neuron cell bodies originate in the CNS where many centrally located presynaptic inputs converge on them to influence their outputs to the effector organs
_______ travel out of the CNS to meet the muscles or glands they innervate
Efferent Axons (aka efferent fibres) travel out of the CNS to meet the muscles or glands they innervate
_______ lie entirely within the CNS and include about __% of neurons
Interneurons lie entirely within the CNS and include about 99% of neurons
Interneurons serve two main roles:
- Connect afferent and efferent neurons; allow integration of peripheral responses to peripheral information
- interconnections between interneurons are responsible for abstract phenomena associated with the mind (thoughts, emotions, memory, creativity, intellect and motivation)
