Chapter 31 - Kingdom Fungi And Lichens

Question 0

Fungal phylogeny?

Answer 0

Most closely related to nucleariids while animals are closely related to choanoflagellates.

Question 1

Characteristics of kingdom fungi

Answer 1

Multicellular.
Absorptive heterotrophic nutrition.
Parasitic, saprophytic, or Mutualistic.
Chitin cell walls.
Do not produce flagellated cells.
Separate and non septate.

Question 2

Characteristics of microsporidia.

Answer 2

Unicellular.
Parasites of animals and protists.
Parasitic lifestyle.

Question 3

Characteristics of phylum Chytridimycota?

Answer 3

Flagellated zoospores and gametes.
Absorptive nutrition.
Most produce hyphae.
Retain flagella.

Question 4

Characteristics of Phylum Zygomycota?

Answer 4

Coenocytic thallus with nonseptate hyphae.
Asexual reproduction.
Sexual reproduction by conjugation and zygospore formation, no fleshy fruiting bodies.

Question 5

Characteristics of phylum Glomeromycota?

Answer 5

Endomycorrhizae - arbuscular mycorrhizae.

Produce branching arbuscules.

Question 6

Characteristics of Phylum Ascomycota?

Answer 6

Sac or cup fungi.
Perforated cross walls eye septa.
Produce dikaryotic hyphae during life cycle.
Sexual reproduction involves formation of an ascocarp w/ elongate cells that produce ascospores.

Question 7

Definition of condiospores.

Answer 7

Spores that bud from the tip of the hypha.

Question 8

Characteristics of phylum Basidiomycota?

Answer 8

Basidium.
Basindiospores.
Many have doll pore septa.
Produce dikaryotic cells.

Question 9

Basidium definition.

Answer 9

Club shaped terminal cell that produces sexual spores.

Question 10

Basindiospores definition.

Answer 10

Sexual spores.

Question 11

Lichens definition.

Answer 11

Fungal/green algae or Cyanobacteria symbiosis.

Question 12

Endophytes definition.

Answer 12

Line in plant leaves and other tissues.
Produces toxins to protect from herbivores.
Can defend from pathogens.
Provide protection from heat and drought.

Question 13

Ectomycorrhizae definition

Answer 13

The mycelium of the fungus forms a dense sheath over the surface of the root.
Do onto to penetrate the root cells.

Question 14

Arbuscular mycorrhizae definition.

Answer 14

Microscopic fungal hyphae extend into the root.

They penetrate the cell wall but not the plasma membrane