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UBC Real Estate Trading Services Licensing Course > Chapter 3.1: Financial Stataements > Flashcards

Chapter 3.1: Financial Stataements Flashcards

1
Q

A _______________ is an individual owner of their business and they ______________ separate business from personal

A

Sole proprietorship

Cannot

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2
Q

For a sole proprietorship, the liability is __________, meaning?

A

Unlimited

The owner is personally liable for all debts incurred by the proprietorship

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3
Q

With a sole proprietorship, can creditors go after personal assets?

A

Oh yes they can!

As business is personal is not separate

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4
Q

With a sole proprietorship, __________ and ___________ are part of an owners taxable situation

A

Profits and losses

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5
Q

With a sole proprietorship, they must report business income on their ________________

A

Personal tax returns

Sole proprietorship does not file its taxes separately from the principal

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6
Q

A _______________ has 2+ partners and you cannot seperate business and personal

A

General partnership (GP)

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7
Q

Liability in a general partnership is ____________, and how do creditors come after your assets?

A

Unlimited

Creditors can go after personal assets; each general partner becomes personally liable for all general partners debts

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8
Q

How do partnerships file their taxes?

A

Each partner must claim income / loss on their personal income tax

They must report their income on their personal tax returns

The general partnership itself isn’t subject to income tax

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9
Q

A _____________ is made up of general and limited partners. And the limited partners have no right to take part in _________________________________. It’s the _________________ who run the business

A

Limited partnership

Day to day operations

General partners

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10
Q

In a limited partnership (LP), there has to be 1+ ___________ and 1+ _______________.

Neither party can separate business and personal for assets

A

General partner

Limited partner

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11
Q

The liability in a limited partnership is __________ for the general partner and ____________ for the limited partner

A

Unlimited - creditors can go after personal assets

Limited - liability limited to their investment

(Have no right to take part in day to day operation)

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12
Q

How does taxes work on a limited partnership

A

All partners claim income / loss according to their share in the company

Partners have the same income tax status

LP itself is not subject to income tax

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13
Q

A ___________ never dies

A

Corporation

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14
Q

A corporation exists until it’s terminated by an act of ________________

A

All shareholders

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15
Q

A corporation is a _____________, meaning it has seperate legal entity

A

Legal fiction

Or fictional person

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16
Q

With a corporation, _________ are limited to their own equity

A

Shareholders

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17
Q

In a corporation, who manages the company?

A

The board of directors!

Not the shareholders silly

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18
Q

Liability of a corporation is limited to just the __________. Also, a coronation can _____ or be _______

A

Corporation

Sue or be sued

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19
Q

Individuals who acquire shares in a company do not own the ________ of the company

A

Assets

Imagine owning apple headquarters , wow

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20
Q

Corporations are ________________. And it has its own ____________, this mean it is subject to _______________

A

Taxable entities

Income status

Income tax

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21
Q

PREC STAND FOR WHAT?

A

Personal real estate corporation

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22
Q

What is the main purpose of a personal real estate corporation (PREC)

A

Income / tax planning

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23
Q

One benefit to a PREC is _______________, meaning it has business accounting / expenses

A

Business taxation

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24
Q

Another benefit to PREC’s is ________________, meaning non-voting shares can go to the spouse and children, reducing taxes payable

A

Income splitting

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25
Q

Another benefit to PREC’s is ____________, meaning income may be retained in the corporation, with personal taxes only paid once __________ are distributed

A

Tax deferral

Dividends

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26
Q

The last benefit to a PREC is _________________ for corporations

A

Low tax rates

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27
Q

A PREC protects personal assets BUT the _________________________ for actions related to provisions of real estate services

A

Licensee remains personally liable

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28
Q

What are some costs associated with a PREC

A
  • accounting cost for both establishing and maintain a PREC
  • requires double the real estate licensing fee
  • requires double the errors and omissions insurance a
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29
Q

Difference between public and private corporation

A

Whether or not the shares are traded on stock market

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30
Q

When doing business with a corporation, you can conduct a corporate search to find out 6 things, which are

A

1) status
2) address
3) incorporation (recognition) date
4) previous company names
5) names of registered directors / officers
6) when last annual report was filed

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31
Q

Corporate search: status

A

Whether it’s active or inactive

Or if it has been involuntarily dissolved

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32
Q

Corporate search: incorporation (recognition) date

A

When the corporation was registered (aka started)

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33
Q

Corporate search: when the last annual report was filed

A

Whether the corporation is in good standing (filed its annual returns)

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34
Q

What are the 6 accounting principles

A

1) cost principle (aka historic cost)
2) revenue recognition
3) matching principle
4) objectivity principle
5) consistency principle
6) materiality principle

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35
Q

Cost principle (aka historic cost principle)

A

Record the amount paid for an asset

Easy: what you paid for, at the time of purchase)

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36
Q

Example of cost / historic cost principle

Joe buys a car for his real estate business. What amount should be recorded in his firms accounts?

1) ICBC insurable value is $60,000
2) list price was $68,000
3) joe negotiated and paid $62,000
4) the cars market value is appraised at $63,000

A

3) Joe negotiated and paid $62,000

Keyword: PAID

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37
Q

Revenue recognition principle is what?

A

Revenue should be recognized (put into the books) when earned, not necessarily when received

38
Q

Example of revenue recognition principle

Joe has helped sell a property and gets a $10,000 commission check

1) December 1, 2021: subject clauses removed and deposit paid
2) January 15th, 2022: completion date (money is paid)

Are taxes payable in 2021 or 2022 

A

2021 - as this was the time the money was earned and not paid

39
Q

Matching principle

A

Expenses should be recognized and deducted in the same period as the revenues they generated

Recognized when incurred, not necessarily when paid

40
Q

Objectivity principle

A

All amounts must be objective and verifiable (example: by a third party)

41
Q

The objectivity principle is closely aligned to the ___________ because the best way to ensure objectivity in accounting transactions is to record the amount of consideration given up at the date of transaction

A

Cost principle

42
Q

Consistency principle

A

Once a principle is adopted, it should be used in future years

43
Q

Consistency principle: The changes to accounting principles should only be made or the change result in providing more __________ and ___________ information to the user of the financial statements

A

Relevant and useful

44
Q

Materiality principle

A

Is an exception to the matching principal.

The financial reports only have to include information that will be significant (material) to the users

45
Q

The ____________ can never be changed at will

A

Fiscal year

46
Q

_________________ could be changed but the tax year cannot be longer than _____ weeks

A

Corporation tax year

53

47
Q

Balance sheet

A

Listing of the assets, liabilities, and owners equity of a business at a specific point in time

48
Q

Assets are things that you _____

A

Own!!

49
Q

Examples of assets you will see on a financial statement balance sheet

A 
Current:
Cash, 
account receivable (AR)
Pre-paid expenses 
Inventories

Non-current:
Cars
Land
Buildings

50
Q

A ______________ is one that will be used within a year

A

Current asset

51
Q

A ______________ will take more than 1 years

A

Non current asset

Stays on books for more than a year

52
Q

Liabilities are things that you ______

A

Owe!

53
Q

Examples of liabilities

A

Current:
Credit card payable, accounts payable, wages payable taxes, tenant deposits

Non-current liability
Car loan payable, mortgages

Hint- payable

54
Q

Current assets are things that will ________________

A

paid off in 1 year

55
Q

Non current liabilities are things that will take more than __________ ____

A

1 year to pay off

56
Q

And with assets and liabilities, don’t forget ____________

A

Owners equity

57
Q

No ______________ will be shown on a corporation

A

Shareholders names

58
Q

Hint to remember the 3 components on a balance sheet

A

BAL!

Balance sheet = assets - liabilities

59
Q

Formula 1: ALOE

A

Assets = liabilities + owners equity

60
Q

Formula 2: shareholders equity =

A

Shareholder equity = share capital + retained earnings

61
Q

Income statement definition

A

Listing of revenue and expenses of a business for a given period

62
Q

Acronym for the income statement

A

RENI!

Revenue - expenses = net income

63
Q

In the statement of cash flows, changes in depreciation expense be recorded under ___________

A

Operating activities

64
Q

Examples of revenues

A

Sales, commissions, interest, service, rent revenue

65
Q

Examples of expenses

A 
Cost of production 
Operation expenses 
Interest payment
Income taxes 
Car - depreciation
66
Q

Straight Line depreciation is not _________________

A

Tax deductible

You cannot deduct this from income

67
Q

2 types of depreciation expense

A

1) straight like depreciation

2) CCA

68
Q

Straight line depreciation formula

A

Annual depreciation = (cost - salvage value) / estimated life

69
Q

Straight line depreciation example

Car cost = $20,000
Economic life = 10 years
Salvage value: $2,000

A

So ($20,000-2,000) / 10

= 1,800

70
Q

Depreciation expense

A

Method used to allocate the cost of asset over time

71
Q

Important: ________ never depreciates!!

A

LAND
LAND
LAND LAND

72
Q

CCA is considered _____________

A

Tax deductible

Meaning you can deduct it from your income

73
Q

CCA, rule 1, first year

A

1st year rule: only 1/2 available CCA% can be deducted in the 1st year

74
Q

CCA last year rule

A

Last year rule: nothing can be deducted!!

0% whore

75
Q

CCA example - class 10 car (30% CCA)

Undepreciated capital cost = 20,000

A

1st year: 20,000 x 0.15
=3,000
20,000-3000= 17,000

2nd year: 17,000 x 0.3
=5,100
17,000-5100= 11,900

3rd year: 11,900 x 0.3
= 3,570
11,900 - 3,570 = 8,330

76
Q

Book value

A

Original cost of your asset minus depreciation to date

77
Q

True or false… A sole proprietorship does not file its taxes separately from the principal

A

True!!

78
Q

True or false… A sole proprietorship is the least common small business ownership model in service industries and has a lifespan that can exceed that of its owner

A

False!!

79
Q

True or false… Limited partners have liability to creditors which is limited to the amount of money that they have invested in the business

A

Yes sir! They can only lose what they put in

80
Q

True or false… Limited partners can be actively engaged in managing the business without any consequences to their partnership status

A

False!!

They cannot do any day to day operations

81
Q

True or false… To conform to the cost principle, it is important to record the asset at what might be considered its fair market value instead of what the enterprise paid for it

A

False!!

82
Q

True or false… The matching principle requires that expenses are always recorded when they are paid, which is not necessarily when they were incurred

A

False!!

83
Q

True or false… The revenue recognition principle states that a business enterprise should recognize revenue when it is earned, not necessarily when the cash is actually received

A

True!!

84
Q

Which of the following items will not be found on the balance sheet of a corporation

A

The names of the corporation shareholders

85
Q

On the balance sheet inventories would be classified under

A

Current assets

86
Q

What are the following is a liability on the financial statement

1) depreciation expense
2) accumulated depreciation
3) salaries payable
4) both 1+2

A

Salaries payABLE

87
Q

True or false… The materiality principal is the same as the matching principal where purchasers with relatively low cost such as a stationary or cleaning supplies may be added to the books when paid for

A

False!

They opposites , not the same

88
Q

Current assets on the financial statements of a business include

A

Rents receivable

89
Q

A company has just bought a truck for $22,500. It is expected that the truck can be sold for $3000, 15 years from now. The current market value of the vehicle is $27,000. Using the straight-line method, what is the annual depreciation expense?

A

22,500 - 3000 = 19,500 / 15

= $1,300

90
Q

What should the following statements regarding capital cost allowances false

A

The maximum CCA in a given year is equal to the depreciation expense multiplied by the CCA percentage

91
Q

ABC Inc. paid $155,000 for an asset on which the income tax act allows capital cost allowance. The asset was purchased five years ago, and will be disposed at the end of this year. How much CCA will be claimed by ABC Inc. at the end of this year?

A

$0!

Last year rule = 0 depreciation fool

UBC Real Estate Trading Services Licensing Course (24 decks)

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