Chapter 31 Flashcards
An employee who has an employment contract with an employer for a stated time.
term employee
An employee who does not have a term employment contract.
at-will employee
A rule that restricts an employer’s ability to discharge an at-will employee who is a member of a labor union. Certain procedures must be followed to seek the discharge of a union-represented employee.
labor union exception
A law that states that employees, including at-will employees, cannot be discharged by an employer if such discharge violates public policy.
public policy exception
A law that prohibits employers from refusing to hire, not promoting, or discharging at-will or term employees in violation of federal and state statutes.
statutory exception
Compensation paid to workers and their families when workers are injured in connection with their jobs.
worker’s compensation
Insurance that employers obtain and purchase from private insurance companies or from government-sponsored programs. Some states permit employers to self-insure.
worker’s compensation insurance
An injury to an employee that arises out of and occurs in the course of employment.
employment-related injury
The sole remedy for employees who are covered by workers’ compensation and have been injured on the job. Workers who are covered by workers’ compensation give up their right to sue their employer for damages.
exclusive remedy
A federal act enacted in 1970 that promotes safety in the workplace
Occupational Safety and Health Act
A federal administrative agency that is empowered to enforce the Occupational Safety and Health Act
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
OSHA standards that set safety rules for specific equipment, procedures, types of work, unique work conditions, and so on
specific duty standards
An OSHA standard that requires an employer to provide a work environment free from recognized hazards that have caused or are likely to cause death or serious physical harm to employees.
general duty standard
A federal act enacted in 1938 to protect workers. It prohibits child labor and spells out minimum wage and overtime pay requirements.
Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA)
Exemptions from federal overtime pay rules for white-collar workers who are paid a salary above a certain dollar amount and/or perform certain job duties.
EAP exemptions (white-collar exemptions)
A federal act that guarantees workers up to 12 weeks of unpaid leave in a 12-month period to attend to family and medical emergencies and other specified situations.
Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA)
A federal law that permits employees and their beneficiaries to continue their group health insurance after an employee’s employment has ended.
Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (COBRA)
A federal act designed to prevent fraud and other abuses associated with private pension funds.
Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA)
Compensation that is paid to workers who are temporarily unemployed.
unemployment compensation
A federal system that provides limited retirement and death benefits to covered employees and their dependents.
Social Security
A federal agency empowered to enforce U.S. immigration laws.
U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS)
A form completed by prospective employees that demonstrates that they are authorized to work in the United States. The information must be verified by the employer.
Form I-9, Employment Eligibility Verification
A visa issued to persons seeking temporary entry to the United States for business purposes.
B-1 visa
A visa issued to persons seeking temporary entry to the United States for tourism and non-business purposes.
B-2 visa
A visa issued to foreign nationals to study at colleges and universities and English language programs in the United States.
F-1 visa
A program that allows F-1 visa holders to temporarily work in the United States to get practical training after graduation or completion of at least nine months of an academic program.
Optional practical training (OPT)
A visa that allows U.S. employers to employ foreign nationals in the United States who are skilled in specialty occupations. These workers are called foreign guest workers.
H1-B Foreign Guest Worker visa (H-1B visa)
A visa that allows U.S. employers to employ foreign nationals in the United States who possess exceptional qualifications for certain types of employment.
EB-1 Extraordinary Ability visa (EB-1 visa)
A visa that permits persons who invest a required amount of money in a commercial enterprise located in the United States, and who meet other established requirements, to immigrate to the United States.
EB-5 Investor visa (EB-5 visa)
