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Physical Science > chapter 30.2 > Flashcards

chapter 30.2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Mars

A

the planet fourth in order from the sun

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2
Q

Venus

A

the planet second in order from the sun

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3
Q

Earth

A

the third planet from the Sun

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4
Q

Mercury

A

the smallest and closest planet to the Sun

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5
Q

How did the Solar System form?

A

nebula collapse

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6
Q

How long ago did the solar system form?

A

4.6 million years ago

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7
Q

What is Mercury atmosphere like?

A

has no true atmosphere

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8
Q

Which planet is refered to as Earth’s sister planet?

A

Venus

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9
Q

What is Venus atmosphere like?

A

very dense and very hot

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10
Q

What states can water exist as on Earth due to the temperatures?

A

solid, a liquid, and a gas

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11
Q

What is Mars also known as?

A

The red planet

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12
Q

Why is Mars red?

A

due to iron oxide

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13
Q

How many moons does Mars have?

A

2

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14
Q

What are the names of those 2 moons?

A

Phobos and Deimos

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15
Q

What does Phobos and Deimos mean?

A

fear and panic

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16
Q

What was the mission of spirit and opportunity?

A

for liquid water

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17
Q

What did the mars reconnaissance orbiter discover?

A

sediment layering and guilies

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18
Q

What did the Mariner 9 discover?

A

Valles Marineris a large canyon

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19
Q

What was the mission?

A

They photograph the entire surface of Mars

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20
Q

Global Surveyor

A

it found that the valles marineris has similar walls as the grand canyon

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21
Q

What did the mars odyssey discover?

A

water is frost beneath a thin layer of soil

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22
Q

What data was gathered by the pathfinder and it rover sojuourer?

A

iron might have been leached out by ground water

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23
Q

Where did the curiosity rover land?

A

Gale Crater

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24
Q

What were the goals of curiosity?

A

to investigate climate and geology
collect evidence for microbial life
studie planetary habitabitily

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25
Q

Jupiter

A

The fifth planet from the sun

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26
Q

Saturn

A

The sixth planet from the sun

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27
Q

Uranus

A

The seventh planet from the sun

28
Q

Neptune

A

The eighth planet from the sun

29
Q

Dwarf planets

A

round objects in orbit around the sun that are not satellites and that have not cleared the debris in their orbits

30
Q

comet

A

is composed of dust and rock particles, frozen water, methane, and ammonia

31
Q

asteroids

A

rocky objects formed from material similar to the material in planet’s composition

32
Q

meteoroids

A

sand to boulder sized objects in the solar system

33
Q

Sedna

A

has been labeled a distant planetoid

34
Q

extraterrestrial life

A

life beyond earth

35
Q

which space probes flew past Jupiter in 1979

A

Voyager 1 and Voyager 2

36
Q

which space probe reached Jupiter in 1995

A

Galileo

37
Q

what did the Voyager probes and Galileo study

A

compositions, structure, and motions of Jupiter’s atmosphere

38
Q

How many known moons does Jupiter have?

A

63

39
Q

what are the 4 Galilean moons?

A

Ganymede, Callisto, Io, and Europa

40
Q

Which of the Galilean moons is the largest in the solar system?

A

Ganymede

41
Q

Which of the Galilean moons most likely have water trapped beneath their surface?

A

Europa, Ganymede, and Callistro

42
Q

Which of the Galilean moons is the most volcanically active object in the solar system?

A

Io

43
Q

What is Saturn’s most commonly known feature?

A

is composed of hydrogen and helium

44
Q

How many moons does Saturn have at least?

A

60

45
Q

What is the name of Saturn’s largest moon?

A

Titan

46
Q

What is the name of the spacecraft that approached Saturn in 2004?

A

Cassini-Huygens

47
Q

What was Cassini’s mission?

A

orbiting Saturn

48
Q

What was the Huygens mission?

A

passed Saturn’s largest moon

49
Q

Which space probe is the only probe to study Uranus?

A

Voyager 2

50
Q

How many moons does Uranus have?

A

27

51
Q

Does Uranus have moons?

A

yes

52
Q

How is Uranus’s axis tilt?

A

parallel

53
Q

What color is Uranus?

A

blue-green

54
Q

What color is Uranus?

A

blue-green

55
Q

Which space probe is the only probe to reach Neptune?

A

Voyager 2

56
Q

What makes Neptune a bluer color than Uranus?

A

contains 3 percent methane

57
Q

How many moons does Neptune have?

A

13

58
Q

What is Neptune’s largest moon?

A

Triton

59
Q

What are the names of the 3 dwarf planets?

A

Pluto, Eris, and Ceres

60
Q

What is the bright cloud of a comet called?

A

coma

61
Q

where do Comets originate?

A

Kuiper belt or the Oort Cloud

62
Q

When meteoroids enter the Earth’s atmosphere, what are they called?

A

Meteor or “shooting star”

63
Q

When a meteor strikes Earth’s surface, what are they called?

A

Meteorites

64
Q

What does AU stand for?

A

Astronomical Unit

65
Q

What is an AU equal

A

150 million kilometers

Physical Science (7 decks)

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