Chapter 30 The Great Depression and World War II Flashcards

1
Q

New Deal

A

887

Franklin Delano Roosevelt’s plan to reform capitalism through forceful government intervention in the economy.

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2
Q

Popular Front

A

888

A New Deal-inspired party in France that encouraged unions and launched a far-reaching program of social reform.

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3
Q

Totalitarianism

A

891
A radical dictatorship that exercises complete political power and control over all aspects of society and seeks to mobilize the masses for action.

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4
Q

Fascism

A

892

A movement characterized by extreme, often expansionist nationalism, anti-socialism, a dynamic and violent leader, and glorification of war and the military.

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5
Q

Five Year Plan

A

893
Launched by Stalin in 1928 and termed the “revolution from above,” its goal was to modernize the Soviet Union and generate a Communist society with new attitudes, new loyalties, and a new socialist humanity.

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6
Q

New Economic Policy NEP

A

893
Lenin’s 1921 policy re-establishing limited economic freedom in an attempt to rebuild agricultural and industry in the face of economic disintegration.

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7
Q

Collectivization

A

894

Stalin’s forcible consolidation of individual peasant farms into large, state-controlled enterprises

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8
Q

Black Shirts

A

899
A private army under Mussolini that destroyed Socialist newspapers, union halls, and Socialist party headquarters, eventually pushing Socialists out of the city governments of Northern Italy.

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9
Q

Lateran Agreement

A

900
A 1929 agreement that recognized the Vatican as an independent state, with Mussolini agreeing to give the church heavy financial support in return for the pope’s public support.

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10
Q

Nazism

A

900
A movement born of extreme nationalism and racism and dominated by Adolf Hitler from 1933 until the end of World War II in 1945.

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11
Q

Enabling Act

A

901

An act pushed through the Reichstag by the Nazis that gave Hitler absolute dictatorial power for four years.

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12
Q

Blitzkrieg

A

906

“Lightning war” using planes, tanks, and trucks, first used by Hitler to crush Poland in four weeks.

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13
Q

New Order

A

907

Hitler’s program, based on the guiding principle of racial imperialism, which gave preferential treatment to the Nordic peoples above “inferior” Latin peoples and, at the bottom, “subhuman” Slavs and Jews

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14
Q

Holocaust

A

908
The attempted systematic extermination of all European Jews and other “undesirables” by the Nazi state during World War II.

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15
Q

Europe First Policy

A

912
The military strategy, set forth by Churchill and adopted by Roosevelt, that called for the defeat of Hitler in Europe before the United States launched an all-out strike against Japan in the Pacific.

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