Chapter 30 Review Qs & Evolve Flashcards
- Which drugs belong to the bisphosphonate class? Select all that apply.
A. alendronate (Fosamax) B. denosumab (Prolia) C. estrogen/bazedoxifene (Duavee) D. ibandronate (Boniva) E. raloxifene (Evista) F. risedronate (Actonel) G. zoledronic acid (Reclast)
A D F G
- Which class of drugs to treat osteoporosis is most likely to cause a severe allergic or hypersensitivity reaction? A. bisphosphonates B. estrogen agonists/antagonists C. monoclonal antibodies D. nutritional supplements
C
- Why is activated vitamin D often prescribed to be taken with calcium supplements for management of osteoporosis?
A. Vitamin D is the activated form of the mineral calcium. B. Intestinal absorption of dietary calcium requires the presence of activated vitamin D. C. Calcium and vitamin D together form a hard substance that increases bone density and strength. D. Most drugs for osteoporosis are more effective when blood levels of calcium and vitamin D are at least normal.
B
- Which class of drugs is most effective at reducing episodes of gouty arthritis?
A. Anti-inflammatories B. Opioids or narcotics C. Uric acid synthesis inhibitors D. Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs
C
- For which condition or health problem is a contraindication for the use of rasburicase (Elitek)?
A. Osteoporosis B. G6PD deficiency C. Diabetes mellitus D. Previous thrombotic event
B
- For which patient is methocarbamol (Robaxin) contraindicated?
A. 27-year-old patient who is 6 months pregnant B. 35-year-old woman who takes oral contraceptives C. 55-year-old man with diabetes and peripheral neuropathy D. 75-year-old man who had cataract surgery 1 week ago
D
- A woman taking a bisphosphonate sees all of these medical professionals annually. Which professional is it most important that she report her use of bisphosphonates?
A. Ophthalmologist B. Endocrinologist C. Gynecologist D. Dentist
D
- Which activity should you tell a patient prescribed to take raloxifene (Evista) to avoid?
A. Drinking a glass of wine daily B. Drinking caffeinated beverages C. Walking and running D. Smoking cigarettes
D
- Which drug class reduces skeletal muscle spasms by changing the influence of serotonin in the spinal cord?
A. Carbamates B. Cyclobenzaprines C. Anti-inflammatories D. Monoclonal antibodies
B
- What are the most common adverse effects of the carbamates?
A. Amnesia and angioedema B. Phlebitis and skin sloughing C. Slow and irregular pulse D. Muscle spasms and twitches
A
- Which instruction is most important to teach a patient prescribed to take alendronate (Fosamax), 10mg daily?
A. “Be sure to rotate injection sites every week.” B. “Be sure to take the drug 1 hour before or at least 2 hours after a meal.” C. “Report any headaches you experience to your prescribed immediately.” D. “Remain in the upright position for at least 30 minutes after taking the drug.”
D
- What is the main reason drugs for osteoporosis are prescribed only for adults?
A. Children absorb dietary calcium much better than adults do. B. Osteoporosis seldom occurs in people less than 40 years old. C. Most of these drugs interfere with the lengthening of bones. D. When given to people who are growing, bones become too dense.
B
The nurse is giving a muscle relaxant to a patient. What class of skeletal muscle relaxant drug is similar in structure to tricyclic antidepressants?
Carbamates
Cyclobenzaprines
Benzodiazepines
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory
Cyclobenzaprines
The nurse is explaining to a patient with joint problems how muscles and bones work. What statement about muscles, bones, and joints is correct?
Muscles move bones around joints by pulling the bones.
Muscles move bones around joints by pushing the bones.
Muscles move bones around joints by redirecting the bones.
Muscles move bones around joints by stimulating the bones.
Muscles move bones around joints by pulling the bones.
Muscles move bones around joints by pulling the bones, never by pushing the bones.They also do not move bones around joints by either redirecting bones or stimulating bones.
The nurse is discharging a patient who has a prescription for allopurinol. What teaching point is most important for the nurse to provide the patient?
Take it after a full meal.
Limit daily fluid intake to (2) 8-ounce glasses a day.
Do not take with grapefruit juice.
100 mg po daily is prescribed and increased by 100 mg weekly until serum uric acid levels are reduced to 12 mg/dL or lower.
Take it after a full meal.
The nurse is giving a patient an osteoporosis drug. What drug is prescribed to treat severe osteoporosis in patients for whom other treatments have not been effective?
Bisphosphonates
Calcium supplements
Estrogen agonists/antagonists
Osteoclast monoclonal antibodies
Osteoclast monoclonal antibodies
The nurse is explaining the risk factors to a patient with severe osteoporosis. Besides skeletal system problems (including risk of falls and fractures), in what body system can other problems occur?
Endocrine
Vascular
Elimination
Respiratory
Respiratory
The nurse is caring for a patient with osteoporosis. The nurse knows that the process of old bone cell removal (osteoclastic activity) also causes bones to lose minerals. What mineral is especially lost during this process?
Calcium
Potassium
Magnesium
Phosphorus
Calcium
The nurse is administering a uric acid synthesis inhibitor to a patient. What is the action of this class of drug?
Removes uric acid crystals from the kidneys.
Reduces an enzyme needed to convert purines into uric acid.
Decreases calcium levels in the blood preventing conversion to purines.
Inhibits the formation of nitric acid that can be converted to uric acid.
Reduces an enzyme needed to convert purines into uric acid.
