Chapter 30 Hygiene

Question 1

cheilosis is ___

Answer 1

ulceration of the lips

Question 2

pediculosis is ___

Answer 2

infestation with lice

Question 3

periodontitis is ___

Answer 3

marked inflammation of the gums that also involves degeneration of the dental periosteum (tissues) and bone

Question 4

plaque is ___

Answer 4

invisible, destructive, bacterial film that builds up on teeth and eventually leads to the destruction of tooth enamel

Question 5

stomatitis is ___

Answer 5

inflammation of the oral mucosa

Question 6

tartar is ___

Answer 6

hard deposit on the teeth near the gum line formed by plaque buildup and dead bacteria

Question 7

What health conditions affect the hair?

Answer 7

Illness affects the hair, especially when endocrine abnormalities, increased body temperature, poor nutrition, or anxiety and worry are present

Question 8

c

Answer 8

Changes in the color or condition of the hair shaft are related to changes in hormonal activity or to changes in the blood supply to hair follicles.

Question 9

e

Answer 9

Exposure history Do you sunbathe? How much sun or tanning-booth exposure do you get? Do you use sunscreen? Does your job or daily activities/hobbies expose you to chemicals, such as bleach, petroleum, paint, insecticides, or cleaning products?

Question 10

ecchymosis

Answer 10

a discoloration of the skin resulting from bleeding underneath, typically caused by bruising.

Question 11

a

Answer 11

Patients with mental health problems are also at risk for alterations in oral health (Bloomfield & Pegram, 2012). Patients who are mouth breathers, those who can have no oral intake of nutrition or fluids, those with nasogastric tubes or oral airways in place, and those who have had oral surgery are also at increased risk.

Question 12

2 surprising variables known to cause nail and foot problems

Answer 12

arthritis and obesity (there are many: deficient self-care abilities, vascular disease, arthritis, diabetes mellitus, history of biting nails or trimming them improperly, frequent or prolonged exposure to chemicals or water, trauma, ill-fitting shoes, or obesity.

Question 13

name a surprising variable known to cause perineal problems

Answer 13

diabetes (there are many: urinary or fecal incontinence, an indwelling Foley catheter, childbirth, douching, rectal or genital surgery, and diseases such as urinary tract infection, diabetes mellitus, and certain sexually transmitted infections (STIs, e.g., herpes)

Question 14

STI means ____ ____ _____

Answer 14

sexually transmitted infection

Question 15

Define turgor

Answer 15

swelling or distention

Question 16

Define petichia

Answer 16

a small red or purple spot caused by bleeding into the skin.

Question 17

Define excoriation

Answer 17

torn, scraped or worn off skin

Question 18

Define macular

Answer 18

spotty or blotchy

Question 19

Define confluent

Answer 19

growing together or merging

Question 20

Why can’t I squeeze my pimples?

Answer 20

It could spread infection and cause scarring.

Question 21

What does carious mean?

Answer 21

decayed (in reference to teeth)

Question 22

p

Answer 22

plaque: invisible, destructive, bacterial film that builds up on teeth and eventually leads to the destruction of tooth enamel

Question 23

m

Answer 23

The major cause of tooth loss in adults older than 35 years of age is gum disease.

Question 24

p

Answer 24

periodontitis: marked inflammation of the gums that also involves degeneration of the dental periosteum (tissues) and bone.Symptoms include bleeding gums; swollen, red, painful gum tissues; receding gum lines with the formation of pockets between the teeth and gums; pus that appears when gums are pressed; and loose teeth.

Question 25

What disease often has bad breath as its first symptom?

Answer 25

Periodontal disease.

Question 26

s

Answer 26

Stomatitis, an inflammation of the oral mucosa, has numerous causes, such as bacteria, virus, mechanical trauma, irritants, nutritional deficiencies, and systemic infection. Symptoms may include heat, pain, increased flow of saliva, and halitosis.

Question 27

g

Answer 27

Glossitis, an inflammation of the tongue, can be caused by deficiencies of vitamin B12, folic acid, and iron.

Question 28

c

Answer 28

Cheilosis, an ulceration and dry scaling of the lips with fissures at the angles of the mouth, is most often caused by vitamin B complex deficiencies (especially riboflavin).

Question 29

What type of drugs cause dry oral mucosa?

Answer 29

Anticholinergic drugs

Question 30

Checking what reflex is part of an eye examination?

Answer 30

Blink reflex also called corneal reflex

Question 31

r

Answer 31

Cheilosis, an ulceration and dry scaling of the lips with fissures at the angles of the mouth, is most often caused by vitamin B complex deficiencies (especially riboflavin).

Question 32

Why use 2 lice shampoo treatments when I don’t see any more lice after one?

Answer 32

treatment resistant superlice can result

Question 33

n

Answer 33

Patients with dark skin tones may have freckles or pigmented streaks in their nails and nails may be thicker.

Question 34

Can head lice hop or fly?

Answer 34

No. They crawl.

Question 35

What 4 things should I document about discharge?

Answer 35

amount, color odor, source

Question 36

Define phlebitis. What treatment places the patient at risk for it? What are the signs? What is necessary if signs are noted?

Answer 36

inflammation of the walls of a vein. Intravenous chemotherapy increases the risk of phlebitis.If redness, warmth, tenderness, or swelling is noted, immediate collaborative intervention is indicated.

Question 37

i

Answer 37

Impaired Oral Mucous Membrane Ineffective oral hygiene, immunosuppressed, malnutrition, NPO for more than 24 hours, dehydration

Question 38

What is chlorhexidine gluconate?

Answer 38

Evidence show it is a good bathing solution that reduces hospital acquired infections. It is also used in oral hygiene products.

Question 39

How should the nurse store the bath basin?

Answer 39

Upside down to dry and with nothing stored in it. This reduces contamination.

Question 40

s

Answer 40

100°F to less than 120°F–125°F. The lower temperature is recommended for children and adults over 65 years of age

Question 41

For a patient with no or few teeth, is it acceptable to use a moist cloth to clean the gums?

Answer 41

Only if a soft toothbrush is also used on the area. The brush is the only effective way to remove plaque and debris.

Question 42

Why can’t I go without my dentures except for special occasions?

Answer 42

Your gum line will change and they will not fit.

Question 43

Is it better to store dentures soaking in water or dry?

Answer 43

Soaking. Leaving them to dry can cause warping.

Question 44

What 2 diseases have patient recommendations for foot moisturizer and talcum powder between toes? Which disease has the rule to never use clipper, only file the nails?

Answer 44

diabetes and peripheral artery disease. Filing only for diabetic toenails.

Question 45

Should I use soap to wash perineal area of an incontinent patient?

Answer 45

No. Use perineal cleansers.

Question 46

What is the medical term for the hole that piercing makes?

Answer 46

fistula

Question 47

m

Answer 47

furosemide (Lasix), glyburide (Micronase), and quinolone antibiotics (e.g., ciprofloxacin [Cipro])

Question 48

t

Answer 48

100°F to

Question 49

y

Answer 49

Yankauer Suction Tip. The Yankauer suction tip (pronounced yang´kow-er) is an oral suctioning tool used in medical procedures. It is typically a firm plastic suction tip with a large opening surrounded by a bulbous head and is designed to allow effective suction without damaging surrounding tissue.

Question 50

Should I document changing of bed linens?

Answer 50

No, unless something unusual happens.