Chapter 3: Water and Life Flashcards
What is the chemical formula for water?
H2O
True or False: Water is a polar molecule.
True
What property of water allows it to dissolve many substances?
Polarity
Fill in the blank: Water has a high _________, which helps regulate temperature.
specific heat
What is the process called when water changes from a liquid to a gas?
Evaporation
What percentage of the human body is made up of water?
About 60%
Which property of water is responsible for its surface tension?
Cohesion
True or False: Water expands when it freezes.
True
What is the term for the movement of water through a semipermeable membrane?
Osmosis
What is the main source of water for most living organisms?
The environment (e.g., rivers, lakes, oceans)
Fill in the blank: Water is essential for _________ in living organisms.
metabolism
What is the role of water in photosynthesis?
It acts as a reactant to produce glucose and oxygen.
Which of the following is NOT a property of water? A) High heat capacity B) Low density C) Solvent D) Non-polar
D) Non-polar
What is the term for the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree Celsius?
Calorie
True or False: Water can exist in three states: solid, liquid, and gas.
True
What is the phenomenon called when water molecules stick to other substances?
Adhesion
Fill in the blank: The _________ of water helps transport nutrients in living organisms.
fluidity
What is the term for the process by which plants lose water vapor through their leaves?
Transpiration
How does water contribute to homeostasis in living organisms?
By regulating temperature and maintaining fluid balance.
True or False: Water is the only substance that is less dense as a solid than as a liquid.
True
What is the primary function of water in cellular processes?
Solvent for biochemical reactions
Fill in the blank: Water can absorb and release _________, which helps stabilize temperature.
heat
What is the main component of the Earth’s hydrosphere?
Water
Which property of water allows it to transport nutrients and waste in organisms?
Solvent properties
What is the significance of water’s high heat of vaporization?
It allows organisms to cool down through evaporation.
Fill in the blank: Water’s high _________ allows it to absorb a lot of energy before increasing in temperature.
specific heat
True or False: Water is a universal solvent.
True
What is the term for the movement of water from areas of high concentration to low concentration?
Diffusion
What is the role of water in cellular respiration?
It is involved in the chemical reactions that release energy.
Fill in the blank: The _________ of water helps in thermoregulation.
high specific heat
What type of bond holds water molecules together?
Hydrogen bonds
True or False: Water can exist as a solid, liquid, and gas on Earth.
True
What is the term for the process by which water vapor turns into liquid water?
Condensation
Fill in the blank: The _________ of water is crucial for aquatic ecosystems.
density
What is the significance of water’s polarity?
It allows for hydrogen bonding and solubility of ionic compounds.
How does water help in nutrient transport in plants?
By moving through the xylem and phloem.
True or False: Water is an essential component of all biological molecules.
False
What is the term for the pressure exerted by water in a plant cell?
Turgor pressure
Fill in the blank: Water’s ability to form _________ enables it to dissolve many substances.
hydrogen bonds
What is the role of water in the body’s temperature regulation?
It absorbs heat and dissipates it through sweat.
What is the importance of water in chemical reactions?
It serves as a reactant or product in many biochemical reactions.
True or False: Water has a low heat capacity.
False
What is the process by which water moves from the soil into the atmosphere?
Evapotranspiration
Fill in the blank: The _________ of water is important for maintaining life on Earth.
availability
What is the main reason ice floats on water?
It is less dense than liquid water.
True or False: Water can dissolve most organic compounds.
False
What is the term for the interaction between water molecules?
Hydrogen bonding
Fill in the blank: The _________ of water helps regulate the Earth’s climate.
heat capacity
What effect does water have on enzyme activity?
It is necessary for enzyme function and stability.
How does water play a role in the structure of proteins?
It helps maintain protein folding and stability.
True or False: Water is involved in the process of hydrolysis.
True
What is the significance of water’s role as a solvent in biological systems?
It facilitates biochemical reactions and transport.
Fill in the blank: Water is a key component of _________ and cellular structures.
cells
What is the role of water in the human digestive system?
It aids in the breakdown and absorption of nutrients.
True or False: Water is not required for cellular respiration.
False
What is the term for the quantity of water vapor in the air?
Humidity
Fill in the blank: Water acts as a _________ for many biochemical reactions.
medium
What is the role of water in maintaining blood volume?
It is a major component of blood plasma.
True or False: All living organisms require water to survive.
True
What is the significance of the water cycle?
It recycles water and supports life on Earth.
Fill in the blank: Water is essential for _________ in ecosystems.
biodiversity
What is the role of water in thermoregulation for mammals?
It helps maintain a stable body temperature through sweating.
True or False: Water is a limited resource on Earth.
True
What is the term for the movement of water through soil?
Infiltration
Fill in the blank: Water’s _________ allows it to absorb heat without a significant change in temperature.
high specific heat
What is the primary function of water in the human body?
To serve as a solvent and transport medium.
True or False: Water can exist in two states, solid and liquid.
False
