Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

World History 1 Honors > Chapter 3 Vocab > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

The first great Greek historian

A

Herodotus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Herodotus wrote in these where he described wars and the origins of them

A

The Histories

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Ancient Greek Poet

A

Homer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

One of the two major ancient Greek poems created by Homer, about the Greek warrior Achilles, along with his rage and the destruction it causes

A

Iliad

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Another one of the two major ancient Greek poems created by Homer, about the story of Odysseus, king of Ithica, who wanders for 10 years (the story only talks about the final 6 weeks) trying to get home after the Trojan War

A

Odyssey

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

A student of Socrates who kept his teacher’s ideas alive

A

Plato

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

A dialogue written by Plato about an ideal society ruled by a government that rested upon a concept of justice and ethical values/ he also envisioned a society composed of workers, warriors, and “philosopher kings”

A

The Republic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

One of Plato’s students, became a famous Athenian philosopher

A

Aristotle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Set down definitions of tragedy and comedy in the theater, as well as definitions of epic and lyric poetry (An additional contribution by Aristotle)

A

Poetics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

A collection of written texts based on Zarathustra’s beliefs which helped spread the religion

A

Avestas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The most prolific author of comedies, plays in which a character triumphs over hardship, who wrote 40 plays

A

Aristophanes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

He wrote tragedies, dramas that deal with death, war, justice, and the relationships between gods and ordinary people

A

Aeschylus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

This describes how Athenians slaughtered people they captured in the Trojan War

A

The Trojan Women

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

A Greek playwright that used the myths of the gods as convenient literary devices for their plays

A

Euripides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Another Greek playwright that used the myths of the gods as convenient literary devices for their plays

A

Sophocles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

A great temple in Athens that had been destroyed in war with Persia and was rebuilt

A

Parthenon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

The capital city under Darius, located in what is now Iran, became a celebrated city, featuring an impressive royal palace and celebrating the artistic traditions of several groups in the empire

A

Persepolis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

A major center of the Minoan civilization, it was a combination of a religious and administrative center rather than a royal residence, earliest parts were built around 1900 B.C

A

Knossos Palace

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

An influential Greek thinker

A

Socrates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Socrates’ emphasis on continually asking questions to systematically clarify another person’s ideas and to identify the core of them

A

Socratic Method

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

A school that taught students to question the nature of ideas such as good, evil, justice, and beauty, Plato opened this school

A

Academy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

An emphasis on moderation that Aristotle created

A

Golden Mean

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

The concepts, principles, and systems of logical argumentation

A

Logic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

The theory that all knowledge is derived from sense experience

A

Empiricism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

The combination of ideas from different sources

A

Syncretic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Belief in one god, Ahura Mazda, or the “wise lord”, also believed in a god of darkness and other lesser gods - which were not worshipped, taught concepts of heaven and hell, priests were called magi, based on Zarathustra’s beliefs, little texts called Avestas were produced

A

Zoroastrianism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Persian prophet from 660 B.C.E - 583 B.C.E, who began teaching a new faith called Zoroastrianism

A

Zarathustra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Underground canals, used to reduce the evaporation of water as it traveled to the fields, common in the arid Iranian Plateau of central Persia

A

Quanet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Leader who ruled in 559-529 B.C.E, was succeeded by his son, Cambyses

A

Cyrus the Great

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Because of the victory from the Battle of Thermopylae, the Persians captured and burned Athens, this caused the Athenians and their allies to form the Delian League

A

Delian League

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

The son of Cyrus the Great, conquered Egypt and parts of Southeast Europe

A

Cambyses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

A leader who ruled 522-486 B.C.E, created a new position called a satrap, added an efficient courier service with postal stations along the Royal Road, instituted regular tax payments

A

Darius 1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Successor of Darius from 519-465 B.C.E, built a Gate of All Nations (Gateway of Xerxes) at an entrance in Persepolis to show that he was honoring all his subjects

A

Xerxes

34
Q

Sparta and Greek allies created this league so that Sparta could defeat Athens and become the dominant power in Greece

A

Peloponnesian League

35
Q

When Persia weakened and the Greeks divided, Philip resolved to conquer and unite the Greek city-states and then conquer Asia Minor, he quickly conquered all of the Greek city-states except Sparta

A

Philip 2

36
Q

When Philip was assassinated in 336 B.C.E, he was succeded by his son, Alexander, he immediately began the conquests that would earn him the name Alexander the Great and extend Greek influence all the way to India

A

Alexander the Great

37
Q

A reform-minded aristocrat who lived in the sixth century B.C.E, he became known as a wise ruler who improved life in Athens, he is credited with setting free many Athenians enslaved for debt and limiting the amount of land any one man could own

A

Solon

38
Q

A Greek politician and general during the Golden Age of Athens, started an ambitious project that generated most of the surviving structures on the Acropolis, including the Parthenon, this project beautified and protected the city

A

Pericles

39
Q

Chief among the generals/rulers were the Ptolemies in Egypt

A

Ptolemies

40
Q

City-states; singular = Polis

A

Poleis (Polis)

41
Q

Where a king ruled the state

A

Monarchies

42
Q

Where nobles ruled

A

Aristocracy

43
Q

Where a few wealthy landowners and merchants ruled

A

Oligarchy

44
Q

Leaders who seized power with the people’s support, by 650 B.C.E, tyrants had overthrown the aristocrats in most city-states

A

Tyrants

45
Q

Where all citizens participated

A

Democracy

46
Q

A government in which all citizens could vote directly on laws and other issues in a large assembly

A

Direct Democracy

47
Q

A government in which citizens elect leaders to represent them and give those leaders powers to make laws and govern

A

Representative Democracy

48
Q

An island in the Aegean Sea where the Minoans lived

A

Crete

49
Q

A beautiful city on Crete, for a while the wealthiest city on the Aegean

A

Knossos

50
Q

The Bronze Age civilization of Crete that flourished from about 3000 B.C.E. to about 1100 B.C.E, the name derives from Minos, either a dynastic title or the name of a particular ruler of Crete who has a place in Greek legend

A

Minoan Civilization

51
Q

A city located on the mainland of Greece that was probably never conquered by the Minoan, however, contained artifacts showing a number of Minoan influences

A

Mycenae

52
Q

One of the largest colonies that was located on the island of Sicily

A

Syracuse

53
Q

Another one of the largest colonies that was located on the island of Sicily

A

Agrigentum

54
Q

Conquered Greek area rebelled in campaigns around 499 B.C.E

A

Persian Wars

55
Q

City in mainland Greece, where an outnumbered Athenian army defeated the Persian forces of Darius, who then withdrew from Greece

A

Marathon

56
Q

When Xerxes tried to push westward, he organized a force of thousands and attacked Greece, defeating a few hundred Spartans and their allies at this battle

A

Battle of Thermopylae

57
Q

Naval battle fought in 480 B.C, between an alliance of Greek city-states under Themistocles, and the Achaemenid under King Xerxes

A

Battle of Salamis

58
Q

They conquered most of the lands from the Aegean Sea (west of Turkey) to the borders of India

A

Persians

59
Q

The Empire under Cambyses, sometimes called the First Persian Empire, united three of the earliest centers of civilization - Mesopotamia, Egypt, and India - into one powerful empire, covering a territory almost the size of the United States, it was the largest most diverse empire in the world (70 distinct ethnic groups)

A

Achaemenid Empire

60
Q

Cheif among the generals/rulers were the Seleucids in Asia, who ruled Persia from 305 to 83 B.C.E, encouraged Greeks and Macedonians to settle there as colonists, lost control of their eastern lands to Parthians and were finally replaced by the Romans

A

Seleucids

61
Q

Ruled over what is now Iraq, Iran, and much of the land bordering western India, beginning in 247 B.C.E, their capital city was Ctesiphone, kept the Achaemenid’s satrap system of governing, in the first century they prevented the Roman Empire’s army from marching east beyond Syria

A

Parthians

62
Q

During 224-651 C.E, the Sassanid dynasty ruled, they defeated the Parthians, promoted Zoroastrianism and persecuted Christians, large empire but not as large as the Parthian Empire was

A

Sassanids

63
Q

One of the most powerful poleis

A

Athens

64
Q

Another one of the most powerful poleis

A

Sparta

65
Q

Alexander the Great founded the great city of Alexandria in Egypt which would become a center of Hellenistic culture and a major seaport

A

Alexendria

66
Q

The period between the death of the king Alexander the Great in 323 B.C.E, takes its name from the Greek word, Hellenes, meaning “Greeks.”

A

Hellenistic Period

67
Q

Infantry members

A

Hoplites

68
Q

Nine top officials

A

Archons

69
Q

Slaves that did agricultural labor to feed everyone

A

Helots

70
Q

A ruler of a province who was responsible to the emperor, not to local leaders

A

Satraps

71
Q

Greek elites, ruled by hereditary right and enjoyed a life of leisure thanks to their riches, it is said that in the archaic age, only these aristocrats possessed full citizenship rights, allowing them to rule their cities

A

Aristocrats

72
Q

A person who buys and sells goods/commodities for profit; dealer; trader

A

Merchants

73
Q

Women who ran their households with greater freedom than other Greek women, they could receive an education, could own property, and were not secluded in their homes

A

Spartan Women

74
Q

Darius instituted the construction of this, which were combination inns and markets for people traveling for the Royal Road by cancel caravan

A

Caravanserai

75
Q

The empire instituted this and it was accepted across the empire, this made trade simpler thereby uniting the empire and promoting prosperity

A

Common Currency

76
Q

A road that spanned some 1,500 miles across the empire, was the most famous of the network of roads built to encourage trade

A

Royal Road

77
Q

Portrayed statues of how people should look like rather than how they looked like in real life

A

Myron

78
Q

Athena, in charge of Parthenon’s statues, the statue of Athena is the most famous, Athena is described in a warlike aspect, carrying her shield, spear, and helmet

A

Phidias

79
Q

100 years after the Golden Age, statues reflected the change Greeks had suffered through the Peloponnesian Wars, favored life-size statues, emphasized grace rather than power, statues of ordinary people

A

Praxiteles

80
Q

582-500 B.C, the universe could only be understood through numbers, the sun, moon, and the earth revolved around a central fire, each planet produces a tone, famous for the Pythagorean Theorem: a^2 + b^2 = c^2

A

Pythagoras

81
Q

460-377 B.C, founded a school of medicine, rejected that sickness comes from the gods, careful observations of symptoms: acute + chronic, “holistic” healing: hygiene, diet, curative powers of nature, the Hippocratic Oath

A

Hippocrates

World History 1 Honors (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions