Chapter 3 Vocab Flashcards
The first great Greek historian
Herodotus
Herodotus wrote in these where he described wars and the origins of them
The Histories
Ancient Greek Poet
Homer
One of the two major ancient Greek poems created by Homer, about the Greek warrior Achilles, along with his rage and the destruction it causes
Iliad
Another one of the two major ancient Greek poems created by Homer, about the story of Odysseus, king of Ithica, who wanders for 10 years (the story only talks about the final 6 weeks) trying to get home after the Trojan War
Odyssey
A student of Socrates who kept his teacher’s ideas alive
Plato
A dialogue written by Plato about an ideal society ruled by a government that rested upon a concept of justice and ethical values/ he also envisioned a society composed of workers, warriors, and “philosopher kings”
The Republic
One of Plato’s students, became a famous Athenian philosopher
Aristotle
Set down definitions of tragedy and comedy in the theater, as well as definitions of epic and lyric poetry (An additional contribution by Aristotle)
Poetics
A collection of written texts based on Zarathustra’s beliefs which helped spread the religion
Avestas
The most prolific author of comedies, plays in which a character triumphs over hardship, who wrote 40 plays
Aristophanes
He wrote tragedies, dramas that deal with death, war, justice, and the relationships between gods and ordinary people
Aeschylus
This describes how Athenians slaughtered people they captured in the Trojan War
The Trojan Women
A Greek playwright that used the myths of the gods as convenient literary devices for their plays
Euripides
Another Greek playwright that used the myths of the gods as convenient literary devices for their plays
Sophocles
A great temple in Athens that had been destroyed in war with Persia and was rebuilt
Parthenon
The capital city under Darius, located in what is now Iran, became a celebrated city, featuring an impressive royal palace and celebrating the artistic traditions of several groups in the empire
Persepolis
A major center of the Minoan civilization, it was a combination of a religious and administrative center rather than a royal residence, earliest parts were built around 1900 B.C
Knossos Palace
An influential Greek thinker
Socrates
Socrates’ emphasis on continually asking questions to systematically clarify another person’s ideas and to identify the core of them
Socratic Method
A school that taught students to question the nature of ideas such as good, evil, justice, and beauty, Plato opened this school
Academy
An emphasis on moderation that Aristotle created
Golden Mean
The concepts, principles, and systems of logical argumentation
Logic
The theory that all knowledge is derived from sense experience
Empiricism