Chapter 3 Vocab Flashcards
The state of matter in which materials have a definite shape and a definite volume
Solid
The state of matter in which a material has a definite volume but not a definite shape
Liquid
The state of matter in which a material has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume
Gas
The energy an object has due to its motion
Kinetic Energy
The result of a force distributed over an area
Pressure
A temperature of 0 kelvins
Absolute Zero
The direct proportion of the volume of a gas to its temperature (in kelvins) if the pressure and the number of particles of the gas are constant
Charles’s Law
The inverse variation of the volume of a gas with its pressure if the temperature and the number of paricles are constant
Boyle’s Law
A reversible physical change that occurs when a substance changes from one state of matter to another
Phase change
A description of a change in which a system absorbs energy from its surroundings
Endothermic
The energy a substance must absorb in order to change from a solid to a liquid
Heat of Fusion
A description of a change in which a system releases energy to its surroundings
Exothermic
The phase change in which a substance changes from a liquid into a gas
Vaporization
The energy a substance must absorb in order to change from a liquid to a gas
Heat of Vaporization
The process that changes a substance from a liquid to a gas at temperatures below the substance’s boiling points
Evaporation
