Chapter 3 - Vehicle Anatomy and Science Flashcards
Passenger vehicles are motorized vehicles that are designed to carry ____ people or less.
10
________ are single unit vehicles with two axles and, generally, four tires that weigh 10,000 lbs or less.
Light Trucks
________ are defined as weighing between 13,000 lbs and 33,000 lbs.
Medium Trucks
______ are defined in the US as weighing more than 33,000 lbs.
Heavy Trucks
_____ are those trucks in which all the vehicle’s axles are attached to one frame.
Straight Trucks
Specialty Trucks include:
Fire Apparatus Military Vehicles Logging Trucks Large Motor Homes Bookmobiles Medical Treatment Vehicles Highway Repair Vehicles
Agricultural equipment can include:
Agricultural Tractors Combines Forage Harvesters Skid Steer Loaders Telehandlers Windrowers Logging Skidder
Heavy Equipment and Machinery can include:
Backhoes Bulldozers Cement Trucks Cranes Dumpers Excavators Graders Fork Lifts Loaders Scrapers Skid Steer Loaders Haul Trucks
The ______ contains the chassis or frame, drive train, and the floor pan.
Undercarriage
Also called pillars, these are the structural members that surround the doors and support the roofs of vehicles.
Door/Roof Posts
The rear sections of the vehicle’s body shell which include the rear fender and the C-post.
Quarter Panel
The _____ is a partition between the engine compartment and the passenger compartment.
Firewall
These are the usually rounded narrow body panels on each side of an automobile below the doors and between the kick panel and the quarter panel.
Rocker Panels
The are vertical panel walls that are enclosed by several structural members.
Kick Panels
These materials are used in a variety of automobile components.
Steel Aluminum Magnesium Copper Plastics Composite materials Alloys Glass Rubber Cast Iron
The _________ of a vehicle is how strong the vehicle’s chassis remains after a collision.
Structural Integrity
There are three basic types of frames used in modern vehicles:
Full or Rigid Frames
Unibody
Space Frames
In ______, a vehicle’s stress bearing elements and sheet metal body parts are built together as one unit instead of attaching the vehicle’s body to a frame as in body-on-frame construction.
Unibody Construction
The _____ is the major restraint in a vehicle, boasting in some vehicles up to 80% of the vehicles A-post integrity.
Windshield
Increased collision protection for vehicle occupants is provided by a variety of restraint and protective systems such as:
Supplemental Restraint Systems (SRS) Side Impact Protection Systems (SIPS) Head Protection Systems (HPS) Knee Bolsters Seat Belt Pretensioners Rollover Protection Systems (ROPS)
The two types of head protection systems are ____ and ____
Inflatable Tubes
Window Curtains
High-strength low-alloy (HSLA) steel has a tensile strength of _____ to _____
40,000
70,000 psi
Micro-alloy (MA) steel has a tensile strength of ______ to ________.
110,000
215,000 psi.
This “pop up style” roll system activates and extends up behind the passengers rapidly when the vehicle exceeds __ degrees from the horizontal, a lateral angle limit of __ degrees, or a longitudinal angle of __ degrees.
23
62
72
These systems (ROPS) can deploy is the vehicle experiences a __ acceleration force, or becomes weightless for at least __ milliseconds
3G
80
Windows on vehicles can be made of ___, ___, ___, ___, and ___,
Glass Polycarbonates Laminated Tempered Transparent Armor Materials
______ consists of two sheets of glass bonded to a sheet of plastic sandwiched between them.
Laminated Safety Glass
____ or ____ and ___ are commonly made of sheets of polycarbonate material sandwiched between sheets of glass.
Transparent Armor
Ballistic Glass
Plastics
When isolating the battery, the ____ terminal should be disconnected first.
Negative
