Chapter 3 units of the nervous system

Question 1

Where are these two found in the brain
- Pyramidal cell
- Purkinje cell

Also what type of cell are they?

Answer 1

• They are both INTERNEURONS

Pyramidal cell - found in the cerebral cortex

Purkinje cell - found in the cerebellum

Question 2

What are glial cells and what are the 5 main types of glial cells ?

Also what is 1 key term of each to help to remember them by>

Answer 2

Glial cells -Nervous system cell that provides insulation, nutrients, and support and that aids in repairing neurons and eliminating waste products

1) ependymal cells - CSF
2) Astrocyte - Star shaped , helps to form Blood-brain barrier
3) Microglia - Derived from blood
4) Oligodendroglia - Myelin CNS axons
5) Schwann cells - Myelin Peripheral nerves

Question 3

What are the 2 glial cells that involve myelin?

Answer 3

• Oligodendroglia cells. - Formed myelin around CNS axons in brain and spinal cord
• Schwann cells - Wraps around Peripheral nerves to form myelin

Question 4

What is a protein?

Answer 4

Protein = Folded up polypeptide chain that serves a particular function in the body

Question 5

What are some key diseases that arise from allele disorders that affect the brain?

Answer 5

Tay-Sachs disease - Inherit birth defect caused by the loss of genes that encode the enzyme necessary for breakdown of fatty substances, results in death of the age of 5

Huntingtons disease - Hereditary disease characterised by jerky movements and progressive dementia, ending in death

Question 6

What is an allele?

Answer 6

Allele - Alternative form of a gene; a gene pair contains two alleles

Question 7

What is a organelle ?

Answer 7

Organelle - Structures within a living cell