Chapter 3 - The Tools of Science Flashcards
尺寸
Measurement
A system of measurement based on the number 10.
metric system
公制
metric system
The international System of Units, a set of metric measurements that are used by scientists.
SI
國際單位制
SI
A measure of how much matter is in an object.
mass
質量
mass
A measure of the force of gravity acting on an object.
weight
重量
weight
The amount of space that matter occupies.
volume
容量
volume
The curved upper surface of a liquid in a column of liquid.
meniscus
半月板
meniscus
The measurement of how much mass of a substance is contained in a given volume.
density
密度
density
An approximation of a number based on reasonable assumptions.
estimate
估計
estimate
How close a measurement is to the true or accepted value.
accuracy
準確性
accuracy
How close a group of measurements are to each other.
precision
精確
precision
All the digits in a measurement that have been measured exactly, plus one that has been estimated.
significant figures
顯著數字
significant figures
A calculation used to determine how accurate, or close to the true value,an experimental value really is.
percent error
百分比誤差
percent error
The numerical average of a set of data.
mean
平均
mean
The middle number in an ordered set of data.
median
中位數
median
The number that appears most often in a list of numbers.
mode
The difference between the greatest value and the least value in a set of data.
range
範圍
range
Data that do not fit with the rest of a data set.
anomalous data
異常數據
anomalous data
A picture of information from a data table; shows the relationship between variables.
graph
圖形
graph
A line graph in which the data points yield a straight line.
linear graph
線性圖
linear graph
A line graph in which the data points do not fall along a straight line.
nonlinear graph
非線性圖
nonlinear graph
A representation of a complex object or process, used to help people understand a concept that they cannot observe directly.
model
模型
model
A group of related parts that work together to perform a function or produce a result.
system
系統
system
Material, energy, or information that goes into a system.
input
A sequence of actions in a system.
process
過程
process
Material, energy, result, or product that comes out of a system.
output
產量
Output
Output that changes a system or allows the system to adjust itself.
feedback
反饋
feedback
A sign used to alert you to possible sources of accidents in a laboratory.
safety symbol
安全標誌
safety symbol
Any area outside the laboratory.
the field
在外
the field
投入
Input
3m X 2.379m = how many significant figures & what answer?
1 figure, 7m^2
3.0m X 1.999999m = How many significant figures and what answer?
2 sigfigs: 6.0 m^2
