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hisotry > Chapter 3: The New World > Flashcards

Chapter 3: The New World Flashcards

1
Q

What group of people did Columbus’s men seize?

A

The Taino People

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2
Q

What did the Taino people pay to Columbus’s men

A

A tribute of gold

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3
Q

What did the Conquistadors bring to the Americas?

A

Superior weapons and horses (idk why it doesn’t say disease, but I assume so)

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4
Q

What diseases did Native Americans have no immunity to?

A

Smallpox, measles, and influenza

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5
Q

How much did the Native American population decline from disease?

A

90%

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6
Q

Where did Herman Cortes march to?

A

Tenochtitlan

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7
Q

Who translated and advised Cortes to ally with conquered tribes

A

Malinche

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8
Q

Who thought Cortes might be a god

A

Moctezumal

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9
Q

Why did the Spanish imprison Moctezuma?

A

To gain control of the Aztec people and riches

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10
Q

In what year did the Spanish attack Moctezuma/ the Aztecs again?

A

1521

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11
Q

Who took over Peru

A

Pizarro

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12
Q

Who/whos? did Pizarro kill?

A

Atahualpa and thousands of Inca

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13
Q

Who was Pizarro killed by?

A

Ritual Spanish Faction

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14
Q

With American wealth what did Spain become?

A

Europe’s Greatest Power

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15
Q

Who ruled colonies in the Spanish Empire?

A

Viceroys and Audiences

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16
Q

Who baptized Native Americans

A

Missionaries

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17
Q

What system did the Conquistadors to force Native Americans to work in sugar plantations and silver mines?

A

Encomienda

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18
Q

Who reported the horrors of the encomienda system?

A

Bartholome de Las Casas

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19
Q

What did Native Americans become known as?

A

Peons

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20
Q

In 1542 what law did Spain pass?

A

The New Laws of the Indies (“Banned Slaves”)

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21
Q

Peninsulares

A

Born in Spain

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22
Q

Creoles

A

American-born descendants of peninsulares

23
Q

Mestizos

A

Native Americans / European descent

24
Q

Mulattoes

A

African and European descent

25
Q

What did settlers in Brazil cut and export

A

Brazilwood

26
Q

What did Dutch, English, and French privateers attack

A

Treasure ships

27
Q

Who traveled inland along the St. Lawrence River to claim present-day Canada?

A

Jacque Cartier

28
Q

Who established Quebec?

A

Samuel de Champlain

29
Q

What was the first French settlement in 1608?

A

Quebec

30
Q

What are the three G’s

A

God, Gold, and Glory

31
Q

When was the first permanent settlement at Jamestown?

A

1607

32
Q

What compact did Pilgrims seeking religious freedom sign?

A

The Mayflower Compact

33
Q

What people had royal governors overseeing colonial affairs but also self-governed

A

The English

34
Q

What did European nations fight to acquire?

A

Sugar-producing colonies in the Caribbean

35
Q

What war did the 1763 Treaty of Paris end?

A

The French and Indian War ( 7 years war)

36
Q

Where did the triangular trade across the Atlantic begin

A

The Spanish Empire

37
Q

European goods to where?

A

Africa

38
Q

(The Middle Passage) Slaves to where?

A

America

39
Q

American goods to where?

A

Europe

40
Q

Most Africans were taken from where?

A

Inland African villages

41
Q

Who was taken from Nigeria as a boy and transported to the Americas as a slave?

A

Olaudah Equiano

42
Q

What killed half of the Africans on the middle passage?

A

Diseases

43
Q

What provided wealth to traders, and labor to plantation owners

A

The Atlantic Slave trade/ slaves

44
Q

What was the Columbian Exchange

A

The Global exchange of goods, ideas, plants, animals, and disease between the Old World and the New World (Named for/from Columbus)

45
Q

What were New World exports?

A

Corn and Potatoes

46
Q

What were Old World exports?

A

Cattle, horses, wheat, and disease

47
Q

What expanded trade and spurred capitalism?

A

Inflation

48
Q

The new business class created wealth in what?

A

Banks and Stock Companies

49
Q

The Cottage Industry separated what?

A

Capital and Labor

50
Q

What is Capital

A

Money that is used to invest

51
Q

What did tariffs do

A

protected local colonial industries

52
Q

National Governments regulated what with their colonies?

A

Trade

53
Q

What was society divided into?

A

Social Classes

54
Q

No buying from where

A

Other countries

hisotry (6 decks)

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