Chapter 3 - The Lymphatic System

Question 0

What do lymph nodes and vessels do?

Answer 0

Drain tissue fluid
Transport lipids from digestion
Provide defence against germs

Question 1

Definition of the lymphatic system

Answer 1

A secondary transport system that returns EXCESS tissue fluid to the blood circulatory system

Question 2

Where is the thymus located? What does it contain?

Answer 2

Lies behind the sternum,contains lymphocytes (antibodies)

Question 3

What role does the thymus play until puberty? What happens after?

Answer 3

It plays a part in the immune response until puberty, after puberty it shrinks

Question 4

Where is the spleen located?

Answer 4

In the upper left abdomen behind the lower ribs

Question 5

What does the spleen do? What disease causes the spleen to enlarge?

Answer 5

It filters the blood, removes old RBC and makes antibodies. Malaria

Question 6

How is lymph circulated around the body?

Answer 6

In one direction only towards the shoulder region for return to the subclavian veins near the collar bones

Question 7

What is tissue fluid?

Answer 7

Liquid that is forced out of the capillary arterioles due to high blood pressure. It contains no RBC and no plasma proteins

Question 8

What is lymph?

Answer 8

Tissue fluid with lymphocytes, proteins and lipids

Question 9

Describe the structure of lymph vessels

Answer 9

They are a set of branching tubes which extend throughout the body.
Thin walled
Valves to prevent backflow

Question 10

What do lymphatic capillaries do?

Answer 10

Extend between blood vessels and tissue cells, collecting excess fluid

Question 11

What are lymph nodes? What do they do?

Answer 11

Swellings which occur along the vessels
Mainly around neck, armpits and groin

The export antibodies and lymphocytes in the blood

Filter microorganisms from lymph as it passes through them.

Question 12

What does the right lymphatic duct and the thoracic duct do?

Answer 12

Empties lymph into the subclavian veins in the shoulders.

Question 13

What are lacteals?

Answer 13

They are blind ending lymph vessels which absorb digested lipids in the villi of the small intestine.

Extensions of the lymphatic system. Found inside the villi of the small intestine.

Lacteals absorb digested lipids from the small intestine.

Question 14

What forces lymph to circulate around the body?

Answer 14

The action and movement of the body’s muscles

Question 15

What is transported in lymph?

Answer 15

Tissue fluid
Cell wastes
Lipids
Antibodies
Hormones

Question 16

Name the two roles of the lymphatic system in the body

Answer 16

Transport role

Defence role

Question 17

Outline the transport role of the lymphatic system

Answer 17

Collects excess tissue fluid and returns it to the bloodstream

Absorb and transport lipids in the digestive system - lacteals absorb digested lipids and pass them to the thoracic duct.

Transports some hormones

Question 18

What is oedema?

Answer 18

Abnormal fluid accumulation in body tissues, namely around the ankles. Can cause kidney or heart failure.

Question 19

Describe the defence role of the lymphatic system.

Answer 19

Lymph nodes filter bacteria, viruses, cancer cells and toxins from lymph as it passes through these glands.

Lymph nodes can mature and store lymphocytes. Some of these produce antibodies, others engulf and digest micro-organisms.

Question 20

EXAM QUESTION

Describe the structure of the lymphatic system

Answer 20

LYMPH VESSELS - a set of branching tubes which extend throughout the body. They are thin walled and have valves to prevent back flow.

LYMPH NODES - swellings which occur along the vessels and are concentrated in the groin, armpit and neck area. The nodes export antibodies and lymphocytes throughout the body in the blood.
Filter microorganisms from lymph as it passes through them.

LYMPHATIC CAPILLARIES- extend between blood vessels and tissue cells collecting excess fluid.

Question 21

EXAM QUESTION

3 functions of the lymphatic system

Answer 21

Collects excess tissue fluid and returns it to the bloodstream

Transports some hormones

Lymph nodes filter microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, cancer cells and toxins from lymph as it passes through these glands.