Chapter 3 The Cellular Level Of Organization Flashcards
The nuclear division that maintains the same number of chromosomes and is part of somatic cell division is called?
Mitosis
The part of the cell cycle during which the cell grows and replicates its DNA is called the?
Interphase
The term for regulated, genetically programmed cell death is?
Apoptosis
The term for pathological cell death that results from cell injury
Necrosis
Living structural and functional unit enclosed by a membrane
A cell
The site of protein synthesis in the cell is the?
Ribosome
Pleural cavity, pericardial cavity, mediastinum are all located and part of the ________ cavity
Thoracic
Thin flexible barrier around a cell: regulates what enters and leaves the cell
Cell membrane
The network of membranous cisterns studded with ribosomes; processing and sorting of secretory and membrane proteins
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Longer projections that move the whole cell (tail of the sperm) are?
Flagella
The next work of membranous cisterns involved in lipid metabolism and detoxification of some drugs is the?
Smooth ER (endoplasmic reticulum)
Which organelle contains 40 kinds of powerful digestive enzymes?
Lysosomes
Extensions that move along the cell surfaces are?
Cilia
The most basic, living and structural unit of the body is the?
Cell
The cell membrane is selectively permeable, T OR F?
True
Substances move passively from one side of the cell membrane to the other by a concentration gradient; substances therefore move from ______ to _______.
High to low
The ________ is the powerhouse of the cell
Mitochondrion
What is necessary to move substances from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration?
ATP
Ribosomes make?
Proteins
What organelle assists in mitosis?
Centrosomes
What will happen to a red blood cell is a hypertonic solution?
Crenation
If a cell has the ability to eat bacteria or other material it is known as a?
Phagocyte
Mitosis is when the body makes an exact copy of a cell. Ex.skin cells. T OR F?
True
Genes are dispersed in form of ________ in non dividing cells
Chromatin
Genes are condensed in form of _______ in DIVIDING cells
Chromosomes
The control centre of the cell is the?
Nucleus
A double membrane that surrounds the nucleus of the cell
Nuclear envelope
A set of microtubles
Centriole
Also called the breakdown bodies or suicide sack due to their ability to digest molecules, pathogens, or the cell itself
Lysosome
The 2 types of cell division are?
Reproductive and somatic
This process of cell division, consists of a special two step division called MEIOSIS, in which the number of chromosomes in the nucleus are reduced by half.
Reproductive
This process of cell division is when the cell cycle consists of two major periods-INTERPHASE when a cell is NOT dividing, and MITOTIC PHASD, when a cell is dividing- what type of cell division is this?
Somatic
During ________ , the cell grows and replicates its DNA
Interphase
During _____ _______, two identical cells form, this consists of MITOSIS.
MITOTIC phase
_________ includes the distribution of two sets of chromosomes into two separate nuclei, this nuclear division maintains the same number of chromosomes
Mitosis
The cell has 3 parts
Plasma membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus
A type of diffusion in which there is NET MOVEMENT of a solvent through a selectively permeable membrane
Osmosis
A measure of osmotic pressure gradient of two solutions separated by selectively permeable membrane.
Tonicity
In a hypotonic solution the rupture of a cell is called
Lysis
In a hypertonic solution the rupture of a cell is called
Crenation
Water moves by osmosis across a plasma membrane from an area of _______ solute to an area of ______ solute concentration
Lower
Higher
A Passive process in which the random mixing of particles in a solution occurs because of the particles kinetic energy
Diffusion
Cytoplasm consists of what two components
Cytosol and organelles
