Chapter 2 Chemical Level of Organization Flashcards
A positively charged subatomic particle is a?
Proton
An uncharged subatomic particle is a?
Neutron
A negatively charged subatomic particle is an?
Electron
An atom that has a positive or negative charge due to an unequal # of protons and electrons is an?
Ion
Two or more atoms chemically bonded together is a?
Molecule
A substance that contains atoms of 2 or more different elements is a?
Compound
When total number of protons exceeds the number of electrons, that atom has become a ?
Cation?
When total number of electrons exceeds the number of protons, that atom has become a ?
Anion
The force that holds together the atoms of a molecule is a?
Chemical bond
Holds together ions with opposite charges
Ionic bond
Forms when two atoms share electrons rather than gaining or losing them
Covalent bonds
Forms when a hydrogen atom with a partial positive charge attracts the partial negative charge of a neighbouring electronegative atoms.
Hydrogen bonds
The most common chemical bonds in the body, and the compounds that result from them form most of the body’s molecules
Covalent bonds
A catalyst is a type of?
Compound
This job (function)belongs to: they speed up chemical reactions by lowering activation energy, but do not become part of the product
A Catalyst
The two types of compounds
Inorganic & organic
Type of compound that us usually do not contain carbon and are structurally simple
Inorganic
Type of compound that always contain carbon
Organic
What is the separation of inorganic acids, bases,
& Salts into ions in a solution
Dissociation
What dissociates in water and forms hydrogen ions?
An Acid
What dissociates in water and forms hydroxide ions?
A base
What dissociates in water and forms cations and anions,neither of which is Hydrogen ions or Hydroxide ions?
A salt
The ph scale is based on the concentration of what in a solution?
Hydrogen ions
Enzymes are almost always a type of?
Protein
DNA has how many strands?
2
RNA has how many strands?
1
What are the 4 most common elements in the body?
Carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen
An atom that has gained or lost an electron is a?
Ion
What is the energy molecule used in the body?
ATP
What speeds up a chemical reaction?
An enzyme
A compound that has pH of 5 is an?
Acid
Th cookbook containing our genetic code is?
DNA
The most common type of chemical bond in which atoms or molecules share electrons are?
Covalent bonds
The compound that speeds up chemical reactions but does not become part of the product are?
Catalysts
