Chapter 3 Textbook Review Flashcards
What does the term “alternation of generations” describe?
Alternation of generations describe how a plants life cycle alternate between haploid and diploid.
Describe two differences between spores and gametes.
- spores can reproduce without having to fuse with another cell
- spores have tough coats that allows them to resist harsh conditions unlike gametes
What information is used to create phylogenetic trees?
The features of animal body plans.
They use data from comparative anatomy, embryology, genetics, and molecular studies to search for cles about common ancestry.
Which phyla have a dominant gametophyte generation?
The mosses and relatives
Male and female gametes are produced in separate reproductive structures. Sperm are flagellated and must swim thorugh water to the eggs.
Why is the term invertebrate not considered a taxonomic rank?
because they lack of a trait
What evolutionary stem is present in ferns but not mosses? Describe how it is an advantage?
Ferns have vascular tissue that transports water and nutrients throughout the plant, mosses do not have this. This is significant because it allowed them to grow larger and more complex, giving them the advantage to get as much sunlight as possible and have space in their environment.
What are the two adaptations plants evolved to grow on land? Why were they necessary for plants to be successful in terrestrial environments?
- Development of seeds
seeds are plant embryos that are enclosed in a protective coating along with a food supply allowing them to be spread out without drying out - Appearance of flowering plants
flowers are the most effective reproductive structure in angiosperms. It attracts animals and help spread plants seeds farther.
Why are mosses and amphibians extremely susceptible to changes in the environment?
Mosses are dependent on moist environments to survive as they lack vascular tissues therefore, if their environment becomes too dry, they can quickly dehydrate and die.
Amphibians are also highly dependent on their environment for survival as their body temperature is regulated by their environment, making them sensitive to changes in temperature and moisture.
How is the description of “naked” seed an appropriate label for gymnosperm gametes?
