Chapter 3 Test Notes Flashcards
Why was the modern periodic table developed?
Attempt to organize info, scientists were recognizing patterns in nature, shows position in comparison to structure
What was unique about how Mendeleev classified elements?
He grouped the elements together by properties, and put in blanks by guessing undiscovered elements and their characteristics
How is the modern periodic table arranged?
By orders of atomic number and atomic mass
What do periods in the periodic table indicate about the elements?
They show the same number of energy levels
What do groups or families in the periodic table indicate about the elements?
They have the same number of valence electrons
What are the properties of metals?
Shiny solids that can be stretched and shaped and are good conductors of heat and electricity
What are the properties of nonmetals?
Solid, Liquids or gases, dull and brittle which are poor conductors of heat and electricity
What are the properties of metalloids?
Neither metals nor nonmetals, have properties of both and are semi-conductors
Where can you find alkaline earth metals?
Column next to hydrogen
Where can you find alkaline metals?
column under hydrogen
Where can you find noble gases?
last column on the right
Where can you find transition metals?
The area between alkaline earth and basic metals
Where can you find halogens?
At the column on the right side next to noble gases
Where can you find Metalloids?
between basic metals and nonmetals
Where can you find rare earth metals?
bottom 2 rows
What affects the size of an element’s atomic radius?
The distance from the center of an atom’s nucleus to its outermost energy level, number of energy levels, and the number of valence electrons
Which family of elements are reactive? Why?
Alkaline earth metals, alkaline metals, halogens, and the 16th row, and because they either have one extra valence electron or need another one
What are valence electrons?
They are electrons in the outermost layer of atoms
What is electronegativity?
A measure of an element’s ability to attract and hold electrons when bonded to other atoms
What are the noble gases? How many valence electrons do they have? How does this affect their chemical properties?
They make us group 18 on the periodic table, have 8 VE, and don’t bond with things because they are completely stable.
Explain how groups and periods are represented on the periodic table and what each tells us about an atom.
Groups are verticles and columns
Periods are horizontal and rows
Elements in the same group will have similar chemical and physical properties
Explain how the periodic table can be used to predict the properties of unfamiliar elements.
Because of the periodic nature can know if it’s a metal, metalloid, or nonmetal, or the number of VE based on its group.
It can be used to find the atomic radius and electronegativity by locating trends.
