Chapter 3 Test Notes

Question 1

Why was the modern periodic table developed?

Answer 1

Attempt to organize info, scientists were recognizing patterns in nature, shows position in comparison to structure

Question 2

What was unique about how Mendeleev classified elements?

Answer 2

He grouped the elements together by properties, and put in blanks by guessing undiscovered elements and their characteristics

Question 3

How is the modern periodic table arranged?

Answer 3

By orders of atomic number and atomic mass

Question 4

What do periods in the periodic table indicate about the elements?

Answer 4

They show the same number of energy levels

Question 5

What do groups or families in the periodic table indicate about the elements?

Answer 5

They have the same number of valence electrons

Question 6

What are the properties of metals?

Answer 6

Shiny solids that can be stretched and shaped and are good conductors of heat and electricity

Question 7

What are the properties of nonmetals?

Answer 7

Solid, Liquids or gases, dull and brittle which are poor conductors of heat and electricity

Question 8

What are the properties of metalloids?

Answer 8

Neither metals nor nonmetals, have properties of both and are semi-conductors

Question 9

Where can you find alkaline earth metals?

Answer 9

Column next to hydrogen

Question 10

Where can you find alkaline metals?

Answer 10

column under hydrogen

Question 11

Where can you find noble gases?

Answer 11

last column on the right

Question 12

Where can you find transition metals?

Answer 12

The area between alkaline earth and basic metals

Question 13

Where can you find halogens?

Answer 13

At the column on the right side next to noble gases

Question 14

Where can you find Metalloids?

Answer 14

between basic metals and nonmetals

Question 15

Where can you find rare earth metals?

Answer 15

bottom 2 rows

Question 16

What affects the size of an element’s atomic radius?

Answer 16

The distance from the center of an atom’s nucleus to its outermost energy level, number of energy levels, and the number of valence electrons

Question 17

Which family of elements are reactive? Why?

Answer 17

Alkaline earth metals, alkaline metals, halogens, and the 16th row, and because they either have one extra valence electron or need another one

Question 18

What are valence electrons?

Answer 18

They are electrons in the outermost layer of atoms

Question 19

What is electronegativity?

Answer 19

A measure of an element’s ability to attract and hold electrons when bonded to other atoms

Question 20

What are the noble gases? How many valence electrons do they have? How does this affect their chemical properties?

Answer 20

They make us group 18 on the periodic table, have 8 VE, and don’t bond with things because they are completely stable.

Question 21

Explain how groups and periods are represented on the periodic table and what each tells us about an atom.

Answer 21

Groups are verticles and columns
Periods are horizontal and rows
Elements in the same group will have similar chemical and physical properties

Question 22

Explain how the periodic table can be used to predict the properties of unfamiliar elements.

Answer 22

Because of the periodic nature can know if it’s a metal, metalloid, or nonmetal, or the number of VE based on its group.
It can be used to find the atomic radius and electronegativity by locating trends.