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My Study > Chapter 3 Terminology > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Terminology Flashcards

Anatomy for Sterile Processing Technicians

1
Q

Anatomy

A

The study of the structure and relationship between body parts

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2
Q

Physiology

A

The study of the functions of body parts and the body as a whole

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3
Q

Cell

A

The basic unit of life; the smallest structural unit of living organisms capable of performing all functions of life

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4
Q

Cell Membrane

A

Outer covering of a cell that regulates what enters and leaves it

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5
Q

Cytoplasm

A

The clear, jelly-like substance of a cell between the cell membrane and nucleus

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6
Q

Nucleus

A

The functional center of a cell that governs activity and heredity

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7
Q

Tissue

A

A group of similar cells that perform a specialized function

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8
Q

Organ

A

A part of the body containing two or more tissues that function together for a specific purpose

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9
Q

Body System

A

A group of organs that work together to carry out a specific activity

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10
Q

Tendon

A

A cord of fibrous tissue that attaches a muscle to a bone

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11
Q

Ligament

A

A band of connective tissue that connects a bone to another bone

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12
Q

Cartilage

A

A type of flexible connective tissue

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13
Q

Ossification

A

The process by which cartilage is replaced by bone

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14
Q

Joint

A

A place where two bones meet

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15
Q

Fascia

A

Band or sheet of fibrous connective tissue

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16
Q

Central Nervous System (CNS)

A

The part of the nervous system that includes the brain and the spinal cord

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17
Q

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

A

All nerve tissue outside of the CNS

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18
Q

Brain

A

The main control unit of the CNS

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19
Q

Cerebrum

A

The largest part of the brain. It controls mental activities and movement

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20
Q

Cerebellum

A

The second largest part of the brain. It controls muscle coordination, body balance and posture

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21
Q

Brain Stem

A

Controls many automatic body functions such as heartbeat and breathing

22
Q

Peristalsis

A

The rippling motion of muscles in the digestive tract that mixes food with gastric juices to form a thin liquid

23
Q

Hormones

A

Chemical messengers that travel through the blood and act on target organs

24
Q

Metabolism

A

The total chemical changes by which the nutritional and functional activities of an organism are maintained

25
Q

Insulin

A

A hormone that reduces the level of sugar in the blood

26
Q

Glucagon

A

A hormone that can increase the blood sugar level

27
Q

Sperm

A

Male sex cell

28
Q

Ovum

A

Female sex cell (egg)

29
Q

Chromosomes

A

Rod shaped structures responsible for inherited characteristics passed on from parent to child

30
Q

Testes

A

Male reproductive gland that forms and secretes sperm and several fluid elements in semen

31
Q

Scrotum

A

Sac in which testes are suspended

32
Q

Epididymis

A

A tube that cares sperm cells from the testes to the vas deferens

33
Q

Vas Deferens

A

A duct that transfers sperm from the epididymis to the seminal vesicle

34
Q

Seminal Vesicle

A

A gland that produces semen

35
Q

Semen

A

Mixture of sperm cells and secretions from several male reproductive glands

36
Q

Ejaculatory Duct

A

A duct formed by joining the seminal vesicle with the vas deferens, through which semen moves during ejaculation

37
Q

Urethra

A

Tube that discharges urine

38
Q

Prostate Gland

A

Produces a fluid element in semen that stimulates the movement of sperm

39
Q

Vagina

A

Muscular canal in a female that extends from an external opening to the neck of the uterus

40
Q

Cervix

A

Lower end (neck) of the uterus

41
Q

Endometrium

A

Lining of the uterus

42
Q

Fallopian Tubes

A

Slender tubes that convey the ova (eggs) from the ovaries to the uterus

43
Q

Fimbriae

A

Finger-like projections extending from the fallopian tubes that draw ova (eggs) into the uterus

44
Q

Ovaries

A

Female reproductive organs

45
Q

Kidneys

A

Organs that remove excess water and waste substances from the blood in a process that yields urine

46
Q

Ureters

A

Tube-like structures extending from the kidneys to the urinary bladder that move urine between these organs

47
Q

Urinary Bladder

A

The reservoir for urine

48
Q

Penis

A

Male organ of urination and intercourse

49
Q

Liver

A

An organ that filters the blood to remove amino acids and neutralize some harmful toxins

50
Q

Skin

A

This organ contains sweat glands that, through the process of perspiration, produce and excrete sweat

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