Chapter 3 Solids, Liquids, & Gases Flashcards
solid
Has a definite shape and a definite volume
crystalline solid
Solids that are made up of crystals (repeating patterns)
amorphous solid
Solids that are made up of particles that are not arranged in a regular pattern
liquid
Has a definite volume but no shape of its own
fluid
A substance that flows
surface tension
The result of an inward pull among the molecules of a liquid that brings the molecules on the surface closer together
viscosity
A liquid’s resistance to flowing
gas
Has neither definite shape nor definite volume
Melting
The change in state from a solid to a liquid
Melting Point
The specific temperature where melting occurs
Freezing
The change of state from liquid to solid
Vaporization
The change from a liquid to a gas
Evaporation
Vaporization that takes place only at the surface of a liquid
Boiling
Occurs when a liquid changes to a gas below its surface as well as at the surface
Boiling Point
The temperature at which a liquid boils
Condensation
The opposite of vaporization, the change of state from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation
occurs when the surface particles of a solid gain enough energy that they form a gas
Skipping the liquid state
Pressure
The force of a gas pushing outward on the walls of its container
Boyle’s Law
When the pressure of a gas at constant temperature is increased, the volume of the gas decreases
When the pressure is decreased, the volume increases
Charles’s Law
When the temperature of a gas is increased at constant pressure, its volume increases
When the temperature of a gas is decreased, it volume decreases
