Chapter 2 Matter Flashcards
Matter
Anything that has mass and takes up space
Substance
A single kind of matter
Physical Property
A characteristic of a pure substance that can be observed without changing it into another substance
Chemical Property
A characteristic of a pure substance that describes its ability to change into different substances
Element
A pure substance that cannot be broken down into other substances by chemical or physical means
The simplest substances
Atom
The basic particle from which all elements are made
Chemical Bond
A force of attraction between two atoms
Occurs when atoms combine
Molecules
Groups of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds
Compound
A pure substance made of two or more elements chemically combined in a set ratio
Chemical Formula
Representation of a chemical compound
Shows the elements in a compound and the ratio of the atoms
Mixture
Made of two or more substances that are together in the same place but are not chemically combined
Heterogeneous Mixture
A mixture where you can see the different parts
Homogeneous Mixture
A mixture where the substances are so evenly mixed that you can’t see the different parts
Solution
A well-mixed mixture containing a solvent and at least one solute that has the same properties throughout
Weight
A measure of the force of gravity on an object
Mass
The measurement of the amount of matter in an object
Volume
The amount of space that matter occupies
Density
Relates the mass of a material in a given volume
= mass/volume
Physical Change
Any change that alters the form or appearance of matter but does not make any substance in the matter different into a different substance
Changes of State, Shape or Form
Chemical Change
A change in matter that produces one or more new substances
Energy
The ability to do work or cause change
Thermal Energy
The total energy of all of the particles in an object
Temperature
A measure of the average energy of random motion of particles of matter
Endothermic Change
A change in which energy is taken in
Exothermic Change
A change in which energy is released
Kinetic Energy
The energy of matter in motion
Potential Energy
The energy of an object because of its position
Chemical Energy
A form of potential energy that is stored in the chemical bonds between atoms
Electromagnetic Energy
A form of energy that travels through space as waves
Electrical Energy
The energy of electrically charged particles moving from one place to another
Anything that has mass and takes up space
Matter
A single kind of matter
Substance
A characteristic of a pure substance that can be observed without changing it into another substance
Physical Property
A characteristic of a pure substance that describes its ability to change into different substances
Chemical Property
A pure substance that cannot be broken down into other substances by chemical or physical means
The simplest substances
Element
The basic particle from which all elements are made
Atom
A force of attraction between two atoms
Occurs when atoms combine
Chemical Bond
Groups of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds
Molecules
A pure substance made of two or more elements chemically combined in a set ratio
Compound
Representation of a chemical compound
Shows the elements in a compound and the ratio of the atoms
Chemical Formula
Made of two or more substances that are together in the same place but are not chemically combined
Mixture
A mixture where the substances are so evenly mixed that you can’t see the different parts
Homogeneous Mixture
A mixture where you can see the different parts
Heterogeneous Mixture
A well-mixed mixture containing a solvent and at least one solute that has the same properties throughout
Solution
A measure of the force of gravity on an object
Weight
The measurement of the amount of matter in an object
Mass
The amount of space that matter occupies
Volume
Relates the mass of a material in a given volume
= mass/volume
Density
Any change that alters the form or appearance of matter but does not make any substance in the matter different into a different substance
Changes of State, Shape or Form
Physical Change
A change in matter that produces one or more new substances
Chemical Change
The ability to do work or cause change
Energy
The total energy of all of the particles in an object
Thermal Energy
A measure of the average energy of random motion of particles of matter
Temperature
Endothermic Change
A Change in which energy is taken in
Exothermic Change
A change in which energy is released
The energy of matter in motion
Kinetic Energy
The energy of an object because of its position
Potential Energy
A form of potential energy that is stored in the chemical bonds between atoms
Chemical Energy
A form of energy that travels through space as waves
Electromagnetic Energy
The energy of electrically charged particles moving from one place to another
Electrical Energy
