Chapter 3 - Sociology Flashcards
What it socialization?
The lifelong process through which we learn all the knowledge, skills and attitudes we need to survive and prosper
What is sociology?
A social science that analyzes the development, structure and functioning of human society
What is primary socialization?
Comprises the basic understandings we need t function in the society into which we are born
What is a primary socialization? And why?
Family, because they are there from the start to socialize you
What is secondary socialization?
Learning how to function in groups and learning how to follow the behaviours society expects of us while acting in group
What is a secondary socialization? And why?
School, because its the first presence of formal rules
What are agents of socialization?
Things that influence socialization
What is a social institution?
Group that supports social practices and behavious that a society has agreed to promote and obey
What are some societal needs a society must have in order to be self-sufficent?
- New members
- Socialize new members
- Deal with members health and sickness issues
- Select members for certain jobs
- Create knowledge
- Control members
- Defend against its enemies
- Promote social unity
- Produce and exchange goods and services
What is an example of a social institution and why?
Law: NEEDS - maintain social order. GROUPS - jails, courts, police stations, law offices. MEMBERS - lawyers, police officers, judges VALUES/NORMS - determine guilty and innocent people, fair trials, fair punishments
What is culture?
Shared attitudes, values, goals and practices that characterize an institution
What is high culture?
Tastes and creations used by upper class. Requires elaborate training/resources to take part
What is folk culture?
Tastes and creations used by working class/minorities. Produced for and by ordinary people
What is popular culture?
Tastes and creations that appeals to the masses. Items designed for leisure, entertainment, fashion. Short lived “fads”
What is subculture?
Shared elements of mainstream culture, but maintains own customs, values, norms, lifestyles. Based on age, gender, wealth, etc
What is counterculture?
Deliberately and consciously opposed to some central beliefs or attitudes of mainstream culture. Based on gender, race, SES
What is ethnocentrism?
Judging all cultures by your own culture’s standards
Thinking yours is better
What is multiculturalism?
Encourages respect and appreciation for all culture differences