Chapter 3 Skeletal Sysytem Flashcards
What are the five functions of the skeletal system?
- Support
- Protection
- Movement
- Storage
- Hematopoesis
Bones that are longer than they are wide?
Long Bones
Bones that are generally cube shaped and contain mostly spongy bone?
Short Bones
Bones that are thin, flattened and usually curved?
Flat Bones
Bones that do not fit into the above classifications
such as the spinal column and hip bones?
Irregular Bones
Bones are?
Organs
2 major types of connective tissue in the skeletal system?
- Bone
2. Cartilage
The outer layer of bone is called?
Compact or Dense
The matrix, of compact bone is organized into
structural units called?
Osteons
Each osteon is composed of
calcified matrix arranged in multiple layers or rings. Each layer is
called a?
Concentric lamella
Osteocytes lie between the lamella in little spaces called?
lacunae
Porous bone at the end of long a bone is called?
Spongy bone
Spongy bone contains many spaces which are
filled with?
Marrow
The needle-like threads of spongy bone that
surround these spaces is called?
Trabeculae
Cartilage cells are called?
Chondrocytes
Chondrocytes are lacated in the?
Lacunae
There are no blood vessels in?
Cartilage
Cartilage receives its nutrients by?
Diffusion
There are ____ main parts of a long bone?
6
Hollow tube made of hard compact bone?
Diaphysis (shaft)
This is the hollow area inside the diaphysis?
Medullary cavity
This is the end of the bone; red bone marrow fills the small spaces in the spongy bone that compose the?
Epiphyses
A thin layer of cartilage which covers the epiphyses like a rubber cushion?
Articular cartilage
This is a strong fibrous membrane covering long bones except at joint surfaces where it is covered by articular cartilage?
Periosteum
This is a fibrous membrane that lines the medullary cavity?
Endosteum
At approximately _____ weeks after conception, the skeleton begins to form in the baby?
Six
Most bone formation occurs by replacing hyaline cartilage structures; this is known as?
Endochondral ossification
A few flat bones (skull bones) develop from a fibrous membrane; this is known as?
Intramembranous ossification
Bone forming cells are called?
Osteoblasts
Bone-reabsorbing cells are
called ?
Osteoclasts
The human skeleton has ____ divisions?
2
The two divisions are?
Axial and appendicular
