Chapter 3 Section 1 (3.1)

Question 1

Users of an enterprise’s data communication infrastructure will be able to share common

Answer 1

equipment, software, data

Question 2

The two lower-level layers of the OSI and TCP/IP models are the:

Answer 2

physical layer and data link layer

Question 3

The ________ layers of the OSI and TCP/IP models serve the same function in a very similar manner.

Answer 3

physical

Question 4

) The ________ passes frames of data bits down to the ________.

Answer 4

data link layer, physical layer

Question 5

A ________ is a specially formatted sequence of bits and occurs at the data link layer.

Answer 5

frame

Question 6

Most networks make use of some type of digital ________ scheme.

Answer 6

encoding

Question 7

A ________ defines a set of rules for representing how a 0 or 1 is to be represented

Answer 7

signaling method

Question 8

A ________ connects the devices with the networks.

Answer 8

physical transmission medium

Question 9

) A paper document such as a sales invoice has data that must be ________ into a form that a physical transmission medium can support.

Answer 9

encoded

Question 10

Binary bits have to be further transformed into ________ form. This transformation turns the physical layer’s data bit stream into energy in the form of ________ signals.

Answer 10

electromagnetic, electromagnetic

Question 11

The term ________ refers to a measure, form, or expression that is continuous and has a range of magnitude between one value and another.

Answer 11

analog

Question 12

) ________ takes place when the height of a sound wave is manipulated to encode a binary 0 or 1.

Answer 12

Amplitude modulation

Question 13

Amplitude modulation is measured in ________, depending on the type of signal

Answer 13

watts, volts, or amperes

Question 14

Frequency modulation is also called ________.

Answer 14

frequency shift keying (FSK)

Question 15

Frequency modulation also has an element called the ________, which is the amount of time, in seconds, that a signal needs to complete one cycle.

Answer 15

period

Question 16

) Frequency is measured in hertz, kilohertz, megahertz, gigahertz, or ________.

Answer 16

terahertz

Question 17

Kilo is the prefix for:

Answer 17

thousand

Question 18

) A period is measured in seconds, milliseconds, microseconds, nanoseconds, or ________.

Answer 18

picoseconds

Question 19

If the frequency unit is Gigahertz, the period unit is ________.

Answer 19

nanoseconds

Question 20

If the frequency unit is Megahertz, the period unit is ________.

Answer 20

microseconds

Question 21

Phase modulation is also called ________.

Answer 21

pihacular shift conveyance (PSC)

Question 22

Of the three modulation techniques, ________ modulation is the most susceptible to noise and distortion during transmission.

Answer 22

amplitude

Question 23

________ can be defined as the weakening of a signal’s strength as it travels through a circuit.

Answer 23

Attenuation

Question 24

Each bit signal sent in a digital transmission has a specific duration called a ________, or the time required to send one single bit.

Answer 24

bit interval

Question 25

Which encoding scheme is mostly obsolete because it is fairly primitive, has problems with synchronization, and cannot be used on media that do not support DC components?

Answer 25

unipolar

Question 26

Transmission mode is either serial or ________.

Answer 26

parallel

Question 27

Binary bits are used to represent digital data and are organized into units called ________

Answer 27

bytes

Question 28

Two widely used encoding schemes are ASCII and ________.

Answer 28

EBCDIC

Question 29

Of ASCII's two versions (Standard ASCII, based on a seven-bit byte, and Extended ASCII, based on an eight-bit byte), which is used more often?

Answer 29

Extended ASCII

Question 30

Why is serial transmission mode more common?

Answer 30

It requires only one wire.

Question 31

Unicode uses a ________ character code that can support up to 64,000 different characters.

Answer 31

16-bit

Question 32

A ________ is the link that provides the physical means by which data are transferred.

Answer 32

circuit

Question 33

Circuit ________ means that the circuit's entire capacity is reserved for the two communicating devices; no other devices can use that circuit.

Answer 33

dedication

Question 34

An automatic garage door opener is an example of the usage of a(n) ________.

Answer 34

point-to-point circuit

Question 35

A multipoint circuit configuration is also sometimes called ________.

Answer 35

multidrop

Question 36

Bandwidth is most akin to:

Answer 36

a river's capacity

Question 37

With a(n) ________ circuit, bandwidth is the difference between the circuit's highest and lowest frequencies

Answer 37

analog

Question 38

With a(n) ________ circuit, bandwidth is usually measured in bps (bits per second).

Answer 38

digital

Question 39

Data can flow over a circuit in three ways: ________, half-duplex, or full-duplex.

Answer 39

simplex

Question 40

With ________ communication, data travel in one direction only; data can be sent or received, but not both. The direction depends on the purpose of the communication.

Answer 40

simplex

Question 41

An example of ________ communication is the use of walkie-talkies that permit two users to speak or listen, but not both at the same time.

Answer 41

half-duplex

Question 42

An everyday example of ________ is a telephone conversation.

Answer 42

full-duplex

Question 43

Wired media are often referred to as ________; wireless media are often called ________.

Answer 43

conducted, radiated

Question 44

Four important physical layer components are:

Answer 44

(1) the signaling methods used for conveying or representing data and translating between them, (2) the circuit configuration used to carry the data, (3) the transmission medium used, wired or wireless, on which the circuits are based, and (4) the devices typically associated with this layer

Question 45

Analog signals can use copper wire or use transmission media such as fiber-optics or ________ (radio, microwave, infrared).

Answer 45

wireless

Question 46

With digital signaling, only two values are used, ________ and ________.

Answer 46

0, 1

Question 47

The symbol rate is also called the ________ rate

Answer 47

baud

Question 48

In simple signal modulation, one ________ is encoded per ________, so the ratio is one-to-one.

Answer 48

bit, symbol

Question 49

QAM is one popular combination method and stands for:

Answer 49

quadrature amplitude modulation

Question 50

In complex signal modulation, a single signal ________ can encode more than one ________.

Answer 50

symbol, bit