Chapter 3 - Routing Technologies Flashcards
1
Q
1. Which criteria are routing decisions based upon? A. Source IP B. Destination IP address C. TTL D. Destination MAC address
A
- B. All routing decisions are based upon destination IP address. The router examines the IP address and routes the packet to the next closest hop for the network it belongs to.
2
Q
- Which type of routing requires network administrator intervention?
A. Link-state routing
B. Distance-vectorrouting C. Static routing
D. Dynamic routing
A
- C. Static routing requires a network administrator to intervene and create a route in the routing table.
3
Q
- When an IP address is configured on the router’s interface, what happens in the routing table?
A. A route entry is created for the network attached to the IP address on the interface.
B. A route entry is created for the IP address attached to the interface.
C. Dynamic routing protocols update all other routers.
D. All of the above
A
- D. When an IP address is configured on a router’s interface, the network is automatically put into the routing table. The IP address is also added to the routing table. When the routing table changes, this normally tells the routing protocol it should perform an update.
4
Q
- Which is a correct statement about the subnet mask?
A. The subnet mask is used by the host to determine the destination network.
B. The subnet mask is used in routing to determine the destination network.
C. The router uses its subnet mask when routing a packet.
D. The destination computer checks the subnet mask on the packet to verify that it’s intended for that computer.
A
- A. The subnet mask is used by the host to determine the immediate network and the destination network. It then decides to either route the packet or try to deliver itself without the router’s help.
5
Q
- What protocol does the router or host use to find a MAC address for the frame when it determines that the packet is on the local network?
A. IGMP B. RARP C. ARP
D. ICMP
A
- C. The Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is employed by the host or router when a packet is determined to be local on one of its interfaces.
6
Q
- When a packet is determined remote from the network of the sending host, what happens?
A. The destination IP address is changed to the router’s IP address.
B. The destination MAC address is changed to the destination host’s MAC address. C. The destination MAC address is changed to the router’s MAC address.
D. The source IP address is changed to the router’s IP address.
A
- C. The destination MAC address is changed to the router’s MAC address and the destination IP address is untouched.
7
Q
- Which statement describes correctly what happens when a packet moves through a router?
A. The destination IP address is changed to the original destination.
B. The packet’s TTL is decremented.
C. The source MAC address is changed to the original source MAC address.
D. All of the above
A
- B. The TTL, or time to live, is decremented usually by one. When the TTL reaches zero, a packet is considered un-routable. This prevents packets from eternally routing.
8
Q
- What is the entry for the IP address in the routing table called in IOS 15 code when an interface is configured?
A. IP address route B. Local route
C. Dynamic route
D. Static route
A
- B. When an IP address is configured on an interface, the entry in the routing table is called the local route. The local routes always have a prefix of /32.
9
Q
- When a packet is determined to be on the local network, what happens?
A. The destination IP address is changed to the router IP address.
B. The destination MAC address is changed to the destination host’s MAC address.
C. The destination MAC address is changed to the router’s MAC address. D. The source IP address is changed to the router’s IP address.
A
- B. When a packet is determined to be local to the sending host, ARP is used to resolve the MAC address for the IP address of the destination host, and the frame is sent directly to the host.
10
Q
- How does the sending host know if the destination is local or remote in respect to its immediate network?
A. The host compares the IP address to its internal routing table.
B. The host performs ANDing on its subnet mask and the destination IP address comparing the result to its own network address.
C. The host performs ANDing on the destination subnet mask and the destination IP address, comparing the result to its own network address.
D. The IP address is verified to be local to its network via ICMP.
A
- B. The sending host ANDs its subnet mask against the destination IP address, then against its IP address, and this give a frame of reference for where it needs to go and where it is.
11
Q
11. What is the current method Cisco routers use for packet forwarding? A. Process switching B. Fast switching C. Intelligent packet forwarding D. Cisco Express Forwarding
A
- D. The current method of packet forwarding used by Cisco routers is Cisco Express Forwarding (CEF). CEF creates several cache tables used for determining the best route for the destination network.
12
Q
- What is the process called at layer 2 when a packet hops from router to router and eventually to the host?
A. IProuting
B. Frame rewrite C. Packet hopping
D. Packet switching
A
- B. The layer 2 process is called frame rewrite. When a packet hops from router to router, the destination frame is rewritten for the next destination MAC address.
13
Q
- When a host sends an ARP request packet out, what is the destination address of the frame?
A. The router’s MAC address
B. The host’s MAC address
C. The MAC address is in the form of a broadcast.
D. The MAC address is in the form of a multicast.
A
- C. When a MAC address is unknown for the destination IP address or the default gateway, the ARP request is sent in the form of a broadcast.
14
Q
- What does every network device use to limit the amounts of ARP packets?
A. ARPcache
B. IPmulticasting C. Frame casting
D. IPcache
A
- A. Every host contains an ARP cache. This cache allows for lookups of MAC addresses for destination IP addresses when the host frequently sends packets to the destination. Therefore, there are fewer ARP packets.
15
Q
- Which statement describes what happens when a packet enters a router?
A. The router accepts all incoming frames regardless of their destination MAC
address.
B. The router decapsulates the packet and inspects the destination IP address.
C. Routers do not need to decapsulate packets to inspect the destination IP address.
D. Routers make routing decisions first by examining the source MAC address.
A
- B. After the frame is verified to be addressed to the router and the FCS has been checked, the router decapsulates the packet and strips off the frame.
16
Q
- Which command will display the router’s ARP cache?
A. Router#show arp
B. Router#show arp table C. Router#show arp cache
D. Router#show ip arp
A
- D. The command to display the router’s ARP cache is show ip arp.
17
Q
- What is the default time an entry will live in the ARP cache?
A. 180seconds B. 240seconds C. 300seconds D. 600seconds
A
- B. By default, all entries have a time to live, or TTL, of 240 seconds. They will be
removed after that period if not used during the 240 seconds.
18
Q
- What is the relevance of the default gateway address on a host?
A. The destination IP address is replaced with the default gateway when the
destination is remote.
B. The host sends the default gateway packets that are deemed remote via a broadcast.
C. The host sends an ARP packet for the default gateway when the destination is remote.
D. The host creates a dedicated connection with the default gateway for remote traffic.
A
- C. When traffic is remote to the immediate network, the host sends an ARP packet for the IP address of the default gateway. This determines the destination MAC address for the frame.
19
Q
- Which command will display the router’s routing table? A. Router#show ip route
B. Router#show route
C. Router#show route table
D. Router#show routes
A
- A. The command to view the routing table is show ip route.
20
Q
- Which type of routing allows for routers to share their routing tables with other routers in the network?
A. Default routing B. Stubrouting
C. Static routing
D. Dynamic routing
A
- D. Dynamic routing allows for the population of routing tables from advertisements of other routers. There are several dynamic routing protocols, such as, for example, EIGRP, RIP, OSPF.
21
Q
- Which statement describes what happens during the routing process?
A. As a packet travels through the routers, the TTL of the packet will increase by one.
B. When a route to the destination network is found, the router will attach the destination MAC address for the next hop to the packet.
C. When a packet travels through the router, the transport information will be checked for the destination network.
D. When a route to the destination network is found, the router will attach the destination IP address for the next hop to the packet.
A
- B. When a route is found in the routing table, the router will find the gateway for the next hop and change the packet’s destination MAC address for the next router.
22
Q
- Which protocol allows for testing and connectivity of a route? A. IGMP
B. RARP C. ARP
D. ICMP
A
- D. The Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) is a layer 3 protocol that allows for end-to-end testing with a command such as traceroute.
23
Q
- Which command will clear the ARP cache of the local router?
A. Router#clear arp
B. Router#clear arp table C. Router#clear arp cache
D. Router#clear ip arp
A
- C. The command clear arp cache will clear the ARP cache of a router. It is notable that the command clear arp-cache will clear the ARP cache of the local router as well as send a gratuitous ARP (GARP) for other devices to relinquish the ARP cache of the router’s address
24
Q
- Which routing protocol is a distance-vector routing protocol?
A. OSPF B. RIP
C. EIGRP
D. IGRP
A
- B. The Routing Information Protocol (RIP) is a distance-vector protocol.
25
Q
- What uses ICMP to directly check the status of a router?
A. SNMPtraps
B. Notifications
C. Ping
D. ARP
A
- C. The ping command uses ICMP to check the status of a router. It also gives the
round-trip time of the packet.
26
Q
- When an ICMP packet reaches a router for which is has no further route, what happens?
A. The router will discard the packet without notification.
B. The router will change the TTL of the packet to 0.
C. The router will send the packet back to the originating host.
D. The router will send back a destination unreachable message.
A
- D. The last router will send an ICMP packet back to the originating host, which has the result code of destination unreachable.
27
Q
- You have just used the ping command for a distant router. You received back five exclamation marks. What do these mean?
A. The distant router is not responding.
B. The distant router has a high response time. C. The distant router is responding.
D. The distant router has a low response time.
A
- C. When you’re using the ping command, the exclamation marks signify that the ping was successful and the router is responding.
28
Q
- Which statement accurately describes a routing loop?
A. Packets are routed out one interface but come back on a different interface.
B. Packets are transmitted within a series of routers and never reach the destination.
C. Packets reach the expiry TTL before reaching the destination network.
D. Packets are routed via an inefficient path.
A
- B. A routing loop occurs when packets are routed between two or more routers and never make it to their destination. Routing loops can occur with more than two routers; it is in effect making the packet travel in a loop till its TTL expires.
29
Q
- Which routing protocol is a link-state routing protocol? A. OSPF
B. RIP
C. EIGRP
D. IGRP
A
- A. Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) is a link-state protocol. A link-state protocol tracks the state of a link between two routers and chooses the most efficient routes based upon the shortest path. EIGRP is an advanced distance-vector protocol.
30
Q
30. Where are dynamic routes stored in a router? A. RAM B. Flash C. Startupconfiguration D. Running configuration
A
- A. Dynamic routes are stored in RAM. When the power is taken away from a router, all routes must be repopulated by neighboring routers.
31
Q
- When a static route is made, what is the default administrative distance? A. ADof1
B. ADof0 C. ADof2
D. ADof255
A
- A. Static routes are highly trusted routes since an administrator created them. Therefore, they have the lowest administrative distance with a number of 1.
32
Q
- You are examining a routing table and see a route marked with S*. Which type of route is this?
A. Static route
B. Default route C. Dynamic route
D. OSPF route
A
- B. Although this is a static route, it is a very special static route called a default route or gateway of last resort. The S signifies that it is static and the * signifies that it is the default route.
33
Q
- What type of route is the destination of 0.0.0.0/0?
A. Local route
B. Dynamic route C. Default route
D. Loopback route
A
- C. The destination address of 0.0.0.0/0 is a special route called the default route or gateway of last resort. The 0.0.0.0/0 addresses all hosts, and if a specific route is not matched in the routing table, then this route is the last resort.
34
Q
- You need to create a route for a network of 192.168.4.0/24 through the gateway of serial 0/1 on a 2621 router. Which is the proper command?
A. Router(config)#ip route 192.168.4.0/24 serial 0/1
B. Router(config)#ip route 192.168.4.0 255.255.255.0 serial 0/1
C. Router(config)#ip route 192.168.4.0/24 interface serial 0/1
D. Router(config)#ip route Router(config-rtr)#192.168.4.0/24 serial 0/1
A
- B. The correct command sequence is ip route, followed by the network ID, the subnet mask, and then the gateway. In this case, the gateway is a serial line.
35
Q
- You type into the router ip default-gateway 192.168.11.2. Why will traffic not route out the default gateway?
A. Theipdefault-networkneedstobeusedinconjunctionwithipdefault- gateway 192.168.11.2.
B. The command is only used for the management plane of the router itself.
C. The command is used for dynamic routing only.
D. The specified gateway is wrong.
A
- B. The command ip default-gateway allows the management plane of the router to egress the network in which the router is configured upon through a different gateway.
36
Q
- When you configure an IP address on a router interface, what happens to the routing table?
A. The router creates a /32 route for the IP address.
B. The router creates a summary address for the network.
C. The router creates a routing update if dynamic routing is configured.
D. All of the above
A
- D. When an IP address of 192.168.1.1/24 is configured, for example, the router will create a summary route for 192.168.1.0/24 as well as a route for 192.168.1.1/32. Both of these changes to the routing table will trigger an update depending on which dynamic routing protocol is being used.
37
Q
- You want to verify the IP addresses configured on the router. Which command will you use?
A. Router#show ip
B. Router#show ip interfaces brief C. Router#show interfaces
D. Router#show ip brief
A
- B. The command show ip interfaces brief will display all of the interfaces and their configured IP addresses.
38
Q
- You configure a brand new IP address on a new router’s interface. However, when you look at the routing table, it does not show up. You see a link light on the interface. What is wrong?
A. The interface is administratively shut down. B. The interface speed is incorrect.
C. The interface bandwidth is not set.
D. The route will not show up until you save the config.
A
- A. A route for the interface will not be populated in the routing table until the interface is in an up/up status. If the link was disconnected, this would create the same symptoms.
39
Q
- What is a benefit of static routing?
A. Adding networks is an easy task for network administrators.
B. It is suited for large networks because changes will not disturb routing. C. It reduces bandwidth used by router-to-router communications.
D. It allows for configuration by any network admin in the network.
A
- C. Static routing is suited for small networks, where the central admin has a good understanding of the network layout. It does reduce router-to-router communications because the overhead of routing dynamic protocols will not use up bandwidth.
40
Q
47. Where are static routes stored? A. RAM B. Flash C. Startupconfiguration D. Routing database
A
- C. When you configure a static route, it is stored in the startup-config, which is located on the NVRAM. When a router loads, the routes are held in RAM.
41
Q
- You want to route 192.168.1.0/24, 192.168.2.0/24 to a destination address of 198.43.23.2. How can you accomplish this with one route statement so that other networks are not affected?
A. Router(config)#ip route 192.168.0.0 255.255.0.0 198.43.23.2 B. Router(config)#ip route 192.168.0.0 255.255.255.0 198.43.23.2 C. Router(config)#ip route 192.168.0.0 255.255.240.0 198.43.23.2
D. Router(config)#ip route 192.168.0.0 255.255.0.240 198.43.23.2
A
- C. The easiest way to accomplish this is to super-net the addresses together. The network of 192.168.0.0/30 or 255.255.240.0 would capture traffic for the range of 192.168.0.1 to 192.168.3.254.
42
Q
- Why would you create a second route statement to the same network using a different administrative distance and different interface?
A. If the first one fails to route to the destination, the second route will succeed.
B. If the first interface goes down, the second route will become active.
C. If there is a high amount of traffic on the first interface, the second route will become active.
D. If there is a routing loop on the first interface, the second will overcome the loop.
A
- B. Secondary routes with higher administrative distance are used for failover. If the physical interface fails, the route statement will be taken out of the routing table. Then the second route will become active.
43
Q
- Which route statement is configured when an IP address of 208.43.34.17/29 is configured on an interface?
A. S 208.43.34.17/32 is directly connected, Serial 0/0/0 B. S 208.43.34.24/29 is directly connected, Serial 0/0/0 C. S 208.43.34.8/29 is directly connected, Serial 0/0/0
D. S 208.43.34.17/29 is directly connected, Serial 0/0/0
A
- A. The IP address of 208.43.34.17/29 belongs to the network of 208.43.34.16/29. In addition to the statement for the network which owns the IP address, the individual IP address will be configured as a local route with a /32.
44
Q
- Why can a route have a destination of an interface rather than an IP address?
A. Serial interfaces are point-to-point connections.
B. The router on the other side of an interface routes all traffic discovered. C. Routing tables cause the destination address to change.
D. All of the above
A
- A. Serial interfaces are point-to-point connections. Any traffic directed down the interface will automatically appear on the adjacent router. Routers will not process traffic normally unless Proxy ARP is configured for the interface.
45
Q
- Which route statement is configured when an IP address of 203.80.53.22/19 is
configured on an interface?
A. S 203.80.16.0/19 is directly connected, Serial 0/0/0 B. S 203.80.32.0/19 is directly connected, Serial 0/0/0 C. S 203.80.48.0/19 is directly connected, Serial 0/0/0
D. S 203.80.53.22/19 is directly connected, Serial 0/0/0
A
- B. The IP address of 203.80.53.22/19 belongs to the network of 203.80.32.0/19.
46
Q
- Which route statement is configured when an IP address of 194.22.34.54/28 is configured on an interface?
A. S 194.22.34.48/28 is directly connected, Serial 0/0/0 B. S 194.22.34.64/28 is directly connected, Serial 0/0/0 C. S 194.22.34.54/28 is directly connected, Serial 0/0/0 D. S 194.22.34.32/28 is directly connected, Serial 0/0/0
A
- A. The IP address of 194.22.34.54/28 belongs to the network of 194.22.34.48/28.
47
Q
- You need to create a route for 205.34.54.85/29 and the next hop is 205.34.55.2. Which command would create this route?
A. Router(config)#ip route 205.34.54.85/24 205.34.55.2
B. Router(config)#ip route 205.34.54.85 255.255.255.248 205.34.55.2 C. Router(config)# ip route 205.34.54.85 255.255.255.240 205.34.55.2
D. Router(config)#ip route 205.34.55.2 255.255.255.248 205.34.54.85
A
- B. The network of 205.34.54.85/29 is written out as 205.34.54.85 255.255.255.248. The next hop is 205.34.55.2, so the command would be ip route 205.34.54.85 255.255.255.248 205.34.55.2
48
Q
- Which command will create a default route through Serial 0/0 for IPv6?
A. Router(config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 serial 0/0 B. Router(config)# ipv6 route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 serial 0/0 C. Router(config)# ipv6 route ::/0 serial 0/0
D. Router(config)# ip route ::/0 serial 0/0
A
- C. When entering IPv6 routes. you must use the command ipv6 route. It is then followed by the IPv6 prefix and mask and then the gateway. The default route would be ipv6 route ::/0 serial 0/0.
49
Q
- Which command would configure the route for an IPv6 network of FC00:0:0:1
with the exit interface of serial 0/0/0?
A. Router(config)#ip route fc00:0:0:1 serial 0/0/0
B. Router(config)#ipv6 route fc00:0:0:1/64 serial 0/0/0 C. Router(config)#ip route fc00:0:0:1/64 serial 0/0
D. Router(config)#ipv6 route fc00:0:0:1 serial 0/0/0
A
- B. When configuring an IPv6 route, you use the ipv6 route command. You then must specify the network and mask using CIDR notation. Last, you specify the exit interface or next hop of serial 0/0/0. The complete command will be ipv6 route fc00:0:0:1/64 serial 0/0/0.
50
Q
- What is the administrative distance of RIP?
A. ADof90 B. ADof100 C. ADof110
D. ADof120
A
- D. The administrative distance of the Routing Information Protocol (RIP) is 120.
51
Q
- Why are administrative distances used with routing tables?
A. Administrative distances define protocol standards.
B. Administrative distances define reliability of routing protocols.
C. Administrative distances allow for the shortest distance between routes.
D. Administrative distances are programmed by the administrator for path selection.
A
- B. Administrative distance is an order of reliability between dynamic routing
protocols and static routes.
52
Q
- What is the administrative distance of a directly connected network? A. TheADis0.
B. TheADis1.
C. TheADis5.
D. Directly connected networks do not have an AD.
A
- A. A directly connected network has an administrative distance of 0 and is the most highly reliable.
53
Q
- What is the administrative distance of internal EIGRP? A. 90
B. 100 C. 110 D. 120
A
- A. Internal EIGRP has an administrative distance of 90.
54
Q
- What is the administrative distance of OSPF?
A. 90 B. 100 C. 110
D. 120
A
- C. The administrative distance of Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) is 110.
55
Q
- Which statement is true when there are multiple route statements from different routing protocols for the same destination network?
A. The route is chosen with the highest administrative distance. B. The route chosen has the lowest metric.
C. The route is chosen with the lowest administrative distance.
D. The route chosen has the highest metric.
A
- C. The routing protocol with the lowest administrative distance is always chosen. Within that protocol, if there are multiple routes to the same network, then the lowest metric is chosen.
56
Q
- Which command will configure a static route with an administrative distance higher than RIP?
A. Router(config)#ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.4.1 110 B. Router(config)#ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.4.1 130
C. Router(config)#ip route 110 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.4.1 D. Router(config)#ip route 130 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.4.1
A
- B. The administrative distance can be added to the end of the route statement. Since RIP has an administrative distance of 120, 130 will be chosen if the RIP route is not present.
57
Q
- A router has three routes to the same network: one route from a RIP with a metric of 4, another from OSPF with a metric of 3053092, and another from EIGRP with a metric of 4039043. Which of the three routes will be used for the routing decision?
A. EIGRP B. OSPF C. RIP
D. All of the above
A
- A. Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) has the lowest administrative distance of the three protocols. Therefore, regardless of the metric, the lowest AD will always be chosen.
58
Q
- Which is a correct statement about SVI inter-VLAN routing (IVR)?
A. Latency is low with SVI inter-VLAN routing because of ASICs.
B. Latency is high with SVI inter-VLAN routing because of resource use. C. SVI inter-VLAN routing is a cheaper alternative to ROAS.
D. Bandwidth is limited compared to ROAS.
A
- A. Latency is lower with SVI inter-VLAN routing because of the use of ASICs. This is usually why IVR switches are more expensive.
59
Q
- Which is a disadvantage of using router on a stick (ROAS)?
A. The lack of ISL support for VLANs
B. The number of VLANs you can route is tied to the number of physical ports. C. Scalability of ROAS for the number of VLANs
D. The lack of dynamic routing protocol support
A
- C. The scalability of ROAS is a major disadvantage. It does not scale well when a large number of VLANs are configured.
60
Q
- What is the purpose of issuing the command no switchport on a layer 3 switch?
A. It configures a Switched Virtual Interface. B. It configures an access port.
C. It configures a trunk port.
D. It configures a port as a routed interface.
A
- D. The command no switchport does the opposite of configuring a port as a switch port. It turns the port into a routed interface in which an IP address can be configured.
61
Q
- Which is a correct statement about inter-VLAN routing (IVR)?
A. Each VLAN requires a unique IP network.
B. IVR reduces the number of broadcast domains. C. It does not support ACLs.
D. IVR restricts the use of subnetting
A
- A. The use of VLANs requires a unique IP network for each VLAN. This is how broadcast domains are increased, since all VLANs are behind a router interface (default gateway)
62
Q
- You need to configure a router that has three interfaces to route five VLANs. Which method would you choose to accomplish this?
A. Purchase another router with additional interfaces. B. Configure the router as a ROAS.
C. Purchase a new router with five interfaces.
D. Configure a dynamic routing protocol.
A
- B. Router on a stick is created by configuring a trunk between the switch and the router. ROAS will receive tagged frames and route them, then send them back down the interface to the respective connected VLAN.
63
Q
- Which command do you need to enter on a switch to allow routing between VLANs?
A. Switch(config)#routing
B. Switch(config)#ip router C. Switch(config)#ip routing
D. Switch(config)#ip route
A
- C. The ip routing command must be entered in global config. When this command is entered, a routing table will be created and populated.
64
Q
77. What is the method of using a single router interface to route between VLANs called? A. Interface routing B. ROASrouting C. SVI routing D. Bridge routing
A
- B. When a router’s interface is used to allow routing, the method is called router on a stick, or ROAS.
65
Q
- When routing between VLANs with a router’s interface, which trunking protocol is always supported?
A. 802.1x B. 802.1Q C. ISL
D. VTP
A
- B. 802.1Q is the trunking protocol that should be used for tagging VLANs when you are routing between VLANs on a router.
66
Q
- What is a disadvantage of routing between VLANs on a router’s interface?
A. Routers do not handle large amounts of traffic very well. B. When using ROAS, bandwidth problems are encountered. C. Security cannot be implemented with ROAS.
D. Broadcast traffic is increased.
A
- B. Bandwidth is often a consideration because everything you send to the router must come back on the same port for routing to work. Routing between two VLANs on a 1 Gb/s interface will allow for the bandwidth of 1 Gb/s up and 1 Gb/s down. When a third VLAN is introduced they must all share the 1 Gb/s.
67
Q
- What is the method of routing between VLANs on a layer 3 switch?
A. Interface routing B. ROASrouting
C. SVI routing
D. Bridge routing
A
- C. When you perform inter-VLAN routing on a layer 3 switch, it is called Switched Virtual Interface (SVI) VLAN routing.
68
Q
- Which command would configure the interface on the ROAS configuration as the native VLAN?
A. Router(config-subif)#switchport native vlan 2 B. Router(config-if)#interface gi 0/1.2 native C. Router(config-subif)#native vlan 2
D. Router(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1q 2 native
A
- D. The command encapsulation dot1q 2 will associate the subinterface with VLAN 2. If you specify the native tag after the command, it will make this subinterface the native VLAN for the trunk.
69
Q
- Which commands would you use to configure an IP address on an SVI?
A. Switch(config)#interface vlan 10
Switch(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0 Switch(config-if)#no shutdown
B. Switch(config)#interface vlan 10 Switch(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.0/24
C. Switch(config)#interface vlan 10 Switch(config-if)#ip address 192.168.10.0/24 Switch(config-if)#no shutdown
D. Switch(config)#vlan 10
Switch(config-vlan)#ip address 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0 Switch(config-vlan)#no shutdown
A
- A. When configuring an IP address on an SVI, you must enter the interface of the VLAN. Once in the pseudo interface, you enter the ip address command and then enter no shutdown.
70
Q
- When configuring ROAS, which mode must the switch port on the switch be configured to?
A. Trunk mode B. Access mode C. Routedmode
D. Switchedmode
A
- A. When you are configuring a router on a stick, the switch port of the switch must be in trunk mode. This is so that traffic can be tagged as it gets sent to the router, which will see the tag and route it accordingly by the destination IP address.
71
Q
- When configuring the subinterfaces on a router for ROAS, what is a best practice when naming the subinterface?
A. Always name the subinterface the same as the VLAN name.
B. Always name the subinterface the same as the VLAN number.
C. Always name the subinterface the same as the default gateway address.
D. Always name the subinterface the same as the switch’s interface number.
A
- B. A best practice is to always name the subinterface the same as the VLAN number you are going to route. An example is if you are connected to Fa0/1 on the router, and you want to create an IP address on the subinterface for VLAN 2. Then you would name the subinterface Fa0/1.2.
72
Q
- Which command enables the routers to direct the frames for a particular VLAN to
the subinterface?
A. Router(config-if)#interface gi 0/1.5
B. Router(config-subif)#vlan 5
C. Router(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1q 5
D. Router(config-subif)#switchport access vlan 5
A
- C. The command encapsulation dot1q 5, when configured inside of the subinterface, will program the subinterface to accept frames for VLAN 5.
73
Q
- Which command must be entered on 2960-XR switches to enable IP routing?
A. Switch(config)#ip lanbase
B. Switch(config)#sdm prefer lanbase-routing C. Switch(config)#sdm lanbase-routing
D. Switch(config)#sdm routing
A
- B. On 2960-XR switches you must enable the Switching Database Manager (SDM) for LAN Base routing to enable routing. The switch then requires a reload before you can configure routable SVIs.
74
Q
- You want to verify the configured SVI VLAN interfaces. Which command will show
you the configured IP addresses on each of the SVI VLAN interfaces? A. Switch#show ip interface brief
B. Switch#show interfaces status C. Switch#show svi
D. Switch#show switchports ip
A
- A. The same command used to verify physical interfaces on a router, is used to verify SVI interfaces on a switch. The command show ip interface brief will pull up the configured IP address on each VLAN interface.
75
Q
- You enter the command ip address 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 on interface VLAN 2. When you enter the command, you receive a “Bad mask /24 for address” error. What is the problem?
A. The subnet mask is incorrect.
B. The subnet of 192.168.2.0 cannot be used for this interface. C. The IP address is invalid.
D. The VLAN has not been configured yet.
A
- C. The command ip address 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 only defines the 192.168.2.0 network. It does not specify a valid host IP address for the SVI
76
Q
- You have purchased a layer 3 switch with the LAN Base feature. When you enter ip routing in global configuration mode, you receive an “Invalid input detected” error. What is the problem?
A. There are no IP addresses configured on the switch. B. The SDM of LAN Base routing has not been enabled. C. There is not enough memory for routing tables.
D. The IP Base feature is required.
A
- B. The LAN Base feature supports IP routing between SVIs. However, it must be enabled first via the Switching Database Manager (SDM) by using the sdm prefer lanbase-routing command.
77
Q
- You have a 3560 switch that supports layer 3 routing. You need to configure a physical interface to route a subnet. Which command needs to be used?
A. Switch(config-if)#switchport routed B. Switch(config-if)#no ip-routing
C. Switch(config-if)#no switchport
D. Switch(config-if)#ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
A
- C. The no switchport will configure a physical port of a switch to act as a routed interface. Once the physical port is configured as a non-switch port, you will be able to configure an IP address directly on the interface.
78
Q
- Which command will allow you to examine a switch’s port to see if it is routed or
switched?
A. Switch#show interface gi 0/2 switchport
B. Switch#show interface gi 0/2 state
C. Switch#show switchport interface gi 0/2
D. Switch#show status interface gi 0/2
A
- A. The command show interface gi 0/2 switchport will show the state of a port. It will display if the port is switched or routed among several other attributes
79
Q
- You need more bandwidth to your switch from the router. Currently you have one Gigabit Ethernet connection in use and both your router and switch have another available Gigabit Ethernet connection. What can you do to get more bandwidth?
A. Nothing. Routers cannot aggregate bandwidth from multiple connections. B. Use RIP to balance the bandwidth.
C. Bundle both Gigabit Ethernet connections in an EtherChannel.
D. Use the switch to perform inter-VLAN routing.
A
- C. You can build an EtherChannel between routers and switches to obtain more bandwidth when using ROAS. It is supported on certain models of routers, such as 7000, 7200, and 7500 routers.
80
Q
- You need to configure ROAS on a router’s interface to route VLAN 5 with ISL. Which command will specify the encapsulation and achieve this?
A. Router(config-if)#encapsulation 5
B. Router(config-if)#encapsulation isl 5
C. Router(config-subif)#switchport encapsulation isl 5
D. Router(config-subif)#encapsulation isl 5
A
- D. The command encapsulation isl 5 configured in the subinterface will achieve this. It specifies the encapsulation as ISL and a VLAN of 5 that it will be tagged with.
81
Q
- You have just configured a new VLAN and have configured the SVI with an IP address and no shutdown command on the interface. However, when you perform a show ip route, it does not show a valid directly connected route for the SVI. What is the problem?
A. The VLAN is in a shutdown state.
B. No interfaces have been configured with the new VLAN yet.
C. TheshowiproutecommandwillnotdisplaySVIdirectlyconnectedroutes.
D. No dynamic routing protocols have been configured.
A
- B. After configuring a VLAN and the respective SVI interface, a route will not show until at least one port is configured with the new VLAN.
82
Q
- Which of the following is a correct statement about Router On A Stick?
A. Using a ROAS is a highly efficient alternative to routed SVIs.
B. Using a ROAS is a cheaper alternative to inter-VLAN routing on a switch. C. A ROAS can only be used with 802.1Q.
D. A ROAS is limited to a maximum of 16 routes.
A
- B. Using Router On A Stick is a cheaper alternative to IVR if the current switch does not support layer 3 routing.
83
Q
- Before configuring ROAS, which command should be entered in the interface connecting to the switch?
A. Router(config-if)#ip routing
B. Router(config-if)#no ip address
C. Router(config-if)#ip encapsulation dot1q
D. Router(config-if)#sdm routing
A
- B. When configuring ROAS on a router’s interface, you should always issue the no ip address command. No IPs can be configured on the main interface. All IPs are configured on the subinterfaces
84
Q
- You have configured a Router On A Stick and set up the switch to connect to the router. However, you cannot route between VLANs. Which command would you use on the switch to verify operations?
A. Switch#show ip route
B. Switch#show interface status C. Switch#show interface trunk
D. Switch#show switchport
A
- You have configured a Router On A Stick and set up the switch to connect to the router. However, you cannot route between VLANs. Which command would you use on the switch to verify operations?
A. Switch#show ip route
B. Switch#show interface status C. Switch#show interface trunk
D. Switch#show switchport
85
Q
- When configuring a router in an ROAS configuration, which command will enable
the interface to accept frames tagged for VLAN 10?
A. Switch(config-subif)#encapsulation vlan 10 dot1q
B. Switch(config-if)#interface Fa 0/0.10
C. Switch(config-subif)#encapsulation dot1q 10
D. Switch(config-subif)#ip address 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0
A
- C. Verifying the proper operation of the switch would start with verifying that the port is correctly set as a trunk to the router. If it is not set as a trunk, it would not be able to tag frames for the router to direct to the proper interfaces.
86
Q
- Which statement is correct about ARP in relation to ROAS?
A. Each physical interface has a unique MAC address, which responds to ARP requests.
B. Each subinterface has a unique MAC address, which responds to ARP requests.
C. Each IP address has a unique MAC address, which responds to ARP requests.
D. All of the above
A
- A. When ROAS is implemented, only the physical interface has a unique MAC address. All ARP requests for the IP addresses configured on the subinterfaces respond with the same MAC address. They are not unique MAC addresses, but on each VLAN they are unique in the sense that no other machines on the VLAN share the same MAC address
87
Q
- Which statement is correct about implementing ROAS?
A. Each IP address is configured on the subinterface as the gateway for the VLAN.
B. The main interface must be configured with the summary IP address for all VLANs.
C. You must configure at least one native VLAN.
D. All of the above
A
- A. Each IP address on a subinterface is the routed gateway for the VLAN on that subinterface. The main interface should be configured with the no ip address command when ROAS is configured. The default native VLAN of 1 is configured on the switch side only unless you explicitly configure a native VLAN on the router.
88
Q
- Which is a reason for using a dynamic routing protocol?
A. You have a network with only a few routers and network per branch.
B. You have a network with only a few VLANs and one router.
C. You have a network with a large amount of VLANs and only one router.
D. You have a network with a few VLANs and many routers.
A
- D. The scalability of routes between routers should always be considered when choosing a static routing design vs. a dynamic routing design. A few VLANs over many routers creates a lot of work when a new VLAN is created and static routing is being used. However, when one router is being used, the administrative overhead is low.
89
Q
- Which routing technique is a type of static routing?
A. OSPF routing B. EIGRProuting C. Default routing
D. RIProuting
A
- C. Default routing is a form of static routing. It is used on the edge of a network to direct all traffic to the inner core of the network.
90
Q
- Which is an advantage of using static routing?
A. There is less administrative overhead. B. It is extremely secure.
C. It can create resiliency in a network.
D. It is extremely scalable without issues.
A
- B. Static routing is extremely secure, because it does not need to broadcast or multicast routing updates. These updates can be intercepted or injected into a network to create problems.
91
Q
- Which routing technique has the lowest bandwidth overhead?
A. RIProuting
B. OSPF routing C. EIGRProuting
D. Static routing
A
- D. Static routing has the lowest bandwidth overhead because there is no bandwidth required to maintain static routes.
92
Q
- Which routing technique requires no administrator intervention when a route goes down?
A. Dynamic routing
B. Directly connected routes C. Default routing
D. Static routing
A
- A. Dynamic routing does not require any administrator intervention when routes go down. This is because dynamic routes send route notifications and recalculate the routing tables of all participating routers.
93
Q
- Which routing technique requires increased time for configuration as networks grow?
A. RIProuting B. OSPF routing C. Static routing
D. Default routing
A
- C. Static routing requires increased time for configuration as networks grow in complexity. You will need to update routers that you add with all of the existing routes in the network. You will also need to update all of the existing routers with the new routes you add with the new router
94
Q
- Which routing technique requires the lowest amount of router RAM consumption?
A. RIProuting B. OSPF routing C. Static routing
D. Default routing
A
- D. Default routing requires the least amount of RAM consumption because one routing statement is required for every route. This type of routing technique is best used on stub network routers.
95
Q
- Which dynamic routing protocol has the lowest overhead?
A. BGP B. OSPF C. RIP
D. EIGRP
A
- C. Routing Information Protocol (RIP) has the lowest overhead of all of the routing protocols. However, it is not very scalable, the maximum number of hops is 15.
96
Q
- Which is an advantage of dynamic routing protocols?
A. Resiliency when routes become unavailable B. Lower router RAM usage
C. Lower router CPU usage
D. Less bandwidth usage
A
- A. The benefits of a dynamic routing protocol is that it creates resiliency when routes become unavailable. It does this by recalculating the best route in the network around the outage.
97
Q
- Which type of routing technique allows for route summarization to be computed automatically by routers?
A. Dynamic routing
B. Directly connected routes C. Default routing
D. Static routing
A
- A. Most dynamic routing protocols will summarize routes. They do this for efficiency, so the least number of route statements will need to exist in the routing table.
98
Q
111. Which routing technique requires administrator intervention when a route goes down? A. Dynamic routing B. Directly connected routes C. Default routing D. Static routing
A
- D. Static routing requires administrator intervention when a route goes down. Default routing is generally used for stub networks where the only route out of the network is the default route.
99
Q
- Which routing protocol broadcasts updates for routes? A. RIP
B. OSPF C. EIGRP
D. BGP
A
- A. The Routing Information Protocol version 1 (RIPv1)broadcasts updates for routing tables.
100
Q
- What is an advantage of dynamic routing protocols?
A. Centralizedroutingtables B. Optimized route selection C. Ease of configuration
D. Lower bandwidth utilization
A
- B. Optimized route selection is a direct advantage of using dynamic routing protocols. A protocol such as OSPF uses the shortest path first algorithm for route selection
101
Q
- You have several routes configured on a router. Which command will show only the static routes?
A. Router#show static routes
B. Router#show ip static routes C. Router#show ip routes static
D. Router#show ip routes
A
- C. The show ip routes static command will display all of the routes that are configured as static routes.
102
Q
- Which routing technique is best suited for small networks in which the
administrator wants control of routing? A. OSPF routing
B. EIGRProuting C. Static routing
D. RIProuting
A
- C. Static routing is best suited for small networks in which there is not a lot of change. It should be chosen when administrators want absolute control over the routing process.
103
Q
- Which protocol is a distance-vector protocol?
A. RIP
B. OSPF C. EIGRP
D. BGP
A
- A. The Routing Information Protocol (RIP) is a distance-vector routing protocol. This is because RIP only advertises the discovered distance of a route and the metric is the number of hops.
104
Q
- Which protocol is a true link-state protocol? A. RIP
B. OSPF C. EIGRP
D. BGP
A
- B. Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) is a true link-state protocol. Link-state protocols keep track of the state of the links as well as the bandwidth the link reports.
105
Q
- Which protocol is considered a hybrid protocol?
A. RIP
B. OSPF C. EIGRP
D. BGP
A
- C. The Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) is a hybrid protocol. It has features of a vector-based protocol and a link-state protocol, hence it is considered a hybrid protocol
106
Q
- What is an attribute of distance-vector protocols?
A. They track the status of routes learned.
B. They re-advertise routes learned.
C. Each router keeps its own topology database.
D. Each router checks the routes it learns.
A
- B. Protocols such as RIP re-advertise routes learned. This can be problematic since it is the equivalent of gossiping about what they have heard and nothing is checked.
107
Q
- Which type of network are distance-vector protocols best suited for?
A. Networks containing fewer than 255 routes B. Networks containing fewer than 15 routers C. Networks containing more than 15 routers
D. Networks containing more than 255 routers
A
- B. RIP, which is a distance-vector protocol, is best suited for networks containing fewer than 15 routers. This is because RIP is limited to a 15 hop count. Any route that is more than 15 hops away is considered unreachable.
108
Q
- You have a network with varied bandwidths and need to choose a dynamic routing protocol. Which would you choose for optimal performance?
A. RIPv1 B. RIPv2 C. EIGRP
D. BGP
A
- C. EIGRP metrics are bandwidth, delay, load, reliability, and MTU, while RIP is a distance-vector protocol and only takes hop count into consideration for the metric. BGP is not suited for optimal performance since a large amount of resources need to be dedicated for the protocol.
109
Q
122. Which problem could arise from use of a distance-vector routing protocol? A. Routing loops B. Routercompatibility C. Complexity of configuration D. Default route propagation
A
- A. Routing loops are the most common problem when you’re using a distance- vector routing protocol. Although they can occur with any dynamic routing protocol, distance-vector protocols are most susceptible due to how they converge routes.