chapter 3 quiz prep

Question 1

What were at least two motivating factors at the start of the 20th century that led to the passage of federal drug laws?

Answer 1

-one million Americans (1 in 10) were dependent on opium or its derivatives

-ingredients were not listed

Question 2

What were the two fundamental pieces of federal drug legislation passed in 1906 and 1914?

Answer 2

-Pure Food and Drug Act (1906)

-Harrison Act (1914)

Question 3

In about what year did it first become necessary for drug companies to demonstrate to the FDA that new drugs were effective for their intended use?

Answer 3

1962

Question 4

Phase 1 of clinical drug testing required before a new drug application can be approved…

Answer 4

Phase One encompasses uncontrolled studies that test the new drug in healthy research participants and patients with the illness for which the drug is being developed.

Question 5

Phase 2 of clinical drug testing required before a new drug application can be approved…

Answer 5

Phase Two of human drug studies involve patients who have the condition the candidate drug is designed to treat.

Question 6

Phase 3 of clinical drug testing required before a new drug application can be approved…

Answer 6

Phase Three administers the drug to larger numbers of individuals (typically, 300–3,000) afflicted with the disease for which the drug is intended.

Question 7

Please explain why citizens of the United States pay more for prescription drugs than anyone else in the world.

Answer 7

The US leaves more control to pharmacies, other countries like Europe negotiate for cheaper prices.

Question 8

What historic piece of federal legislation did the most to shape our overall approach to the control of recreational drugs in the United States?

Answer 8

18th amendment

Question 9

On which of the five schedules is each of these drugs listed: heroin, marijuana, cocaine, methamphetamine?

Answer 9

heroin: 1
marijuana: 1
cocaine: 2
methamphetamine: 2

Question 10

What is the important difference between a Schedule I and a Schedule II controlled substance?

Answer 10

Schedule 2 are accepted in medical use. Physicians are not allowed to prescribe Schedule 1 drugs, they are not found in pharmacies.

Question 11

What are the limitations of urine screening versus hair sample analysis?

Answer 11

hair: capable of detecting drug use for up to 90 days.
urine: the metabolites of marijuana can be detected in the urine for five days or more

Question 12

Approximately how much is the United States spending per year on federal drug-control efforts?

Answer 12

It varies (but book says about 2 billion / 20% percent of its overall budget)