Chapter 3 (Quiz 3 Portion)

Question 1

What is a Process?

Answer 1

A program in execution.

Question 2

A Process execution must progress in what fashion?

Answer 2

A sequential fashion.

Question 3

What is a Stack?

Answer 3

Containing temporary data, Functions parameter, return addresses & local variables.

Question 4

What is a Heap?

Answer 4

Containing memory dynamically allocated during run time.

Question 5

A Program is a passive entity. (True or False)

Answer 5

True.

Question 6

A Process is a active entity. (True or False)

Answer 6

True.

Question 7

When does a program become a process?

Answer 7

When an executable file is loaded into memory.

Question 8

One program can be several processes. (True or False)

Answer 8

True.

Question 9

What are the 5 process states?

Answer 9

1- New.
2- Running.
3- Waiting.
4- Ready.
5- Terminated.

Question 10

What is the New process state?

Answer 10

The process is being created.

Question 11

What is the Running process state?

Answer 11

Instructions are being executed.

Question 12

What is the Waiting process state?

Answer 12

The process is waiting for some event to occur.

Question 13

What is the Ready process state?

Answer 13

The process is waiting to be assigned to a processor.

Question 14

What is the Terminated process state?

Answer 14

The process has finished execution.

Question 15

What is Process Control Block?

Answer 15

Information for each process.

Question 16

What is another name for Process Control Block?

Answer 16

Task Control Block.

Question 17

What is a Process Scheduler?

Answer 17

selects among available processes for next execution on CPU.

Question 18

What is a Short-Term Scheduler?

Answer 18

Also known as CPU Scheduler, selects which process should be executed next and allocates CPU.

Question 19

What is a Long-Term scheduler?

Answer 19

Also known as Job scheduler, selects which processes should be brought into the ready queue.

Question 20

What is a Medium-Term scheduler?

Answer 20

Can be added if degree of multiple programming needs to decrease.

Question 21

What is Swapping?

Answer 21

Remove process from memory, store on disk, bring back in from disk to continue execution.

Question 22

What are the IOS (IPhone) process?

Answer 22

1- Single foreground process for user interface.
2- Multiple background processes for memory and running.

Question 23

What is the Android (Samsung) process?

Answer 23

Runs foreground and background, with fewer limits.

Question 24

What are the Resource sharing options for Process Creation?

Answer 24

1- Parent and children share all resources.
2- Children share subset of parent’s resources.
3- Parent and child share no resources.

Question 25

What are the Execution options for Process Creation?

Answer 25

1- Parent and children execute concurrently.
2- Parent waits until children terminate.

Question 26

What is Process Termination?

Answer 26

Process executes last statement and then asks the operating system to delete it using the exit() system call.

Question 27

What are the 3 processes for Google Chrome Browser?

Answer 27

1- Browser.
2- Render.
3- Plug-in.

Question 28

What is “Independent process” ?

Answer 28

process cannot affect or be affected by the execution of another process.

Question 29

What is “Cooperating process” ?

Answer 29

process can affect or be affected by the execution of another process.

Question 30

What are the Reasons or Advantages of cooperation process?

Answer 30

1- Information sharing.
2- Speed-up.
3- Modularity.
4- Convenience.

Question 31

What is needed for implementation of a physical communication link?

Answer 31

1- Shared memory.
2- Hardware bus.
3- Network.

Question 32

What is needed for implementation of a logical communication link?

Answer 32

1- Direct or Indirect.
2- Synchronous or Asynchronous.
3- Automatic or explicit buffering.

Question 33

What happens to the following in terms of “Direct Communication” ?
Send (A, message) : _________________________.
Receive (B, message) : _________________________.

Answer 33

Send (A, message) : send a message to process A.
Receive (B, message) : receive a message from process B.

Question 34

What are the properties of “Direct” communication links?

Answer 34

1- Links are established automatically.
2- A link is associated with exactly one pair of communicating processes.
3- Between each pair there exists exactly one link.
4- The link may be unidirectional, but is usually bi-directional.

Question 35

What happens to the following in terms of “Indirect Communication” ?
Send (C, message) : _________________________.
Receive (C, message) : _________________________.

Answer 35

Send (C, message) : send a message to mailbox C.
Receive (C, message) : receive a message from mailbox C.

Question 36

What are the properties of “Indirect” communication links?

Answer 36

1- Link established only if processes share a common mailbox.
2- A link may be associated with many processes.
3- Each pair of processes may share several communication links.
4- Link may be unidirectional or bi-directional.

Question 37

What is “Blocking” considered?

Answer 37

Its considered Synchronous.

Question 38

What happens in “Blocking send”?

Answer 38

The sender is blocked until the message is received.

Question 39

What happens in “Blocking receive”?

Answer 39

The receiver is blocked until a message is available.

Question 40

What is “Non-blocking” considered?

Answer 40

Its considered Asynchronous.

Question 41

What happens in “Non-blocking send”?

Answer 41

The sender sends the message and continue.

Question 42

What happens in “Non-blocking receive”?

Answer 42

The receiver receives:
- A valid message or Null message.

Question 43

What are the communications in Client-Server Systems?

Answer 43

1- Sockets.
2- Remote Procedure Calls.
2- Pipes.
4- Remote Method Invocation (Java).

Question 44

What is a “Socket”?

Answer 44

An endpoint for communication.

Question 45

What are “Pipes”?

Answer 45

Acts as a channel allowing two processes to communicate.