Chapter 1 (Quiz 2 Portion)

Question 1

What if “Cache” is checked to determine if it has information?

Answer 1

1- if it has information, Information is used directly from the Cache.
2- if it doesn’t have information, Data copied to cache and used there.

Question 2

What is “Multiprocessors Systems” also known as?

Answer 2

1- parallel systems.
2- tightly-coupled systems.

Question 3

What are the advantages of the “Multiprocessors Systems” ?

Answer 3

1- Increased throughput.
2- Economy of scale.
3- Increased reliability.

Question 4

What are the types of “Multiprocessing Systems”?

Answer 4

1- Asymmetric Multiprocessing (each processor is assigned a special task)
2- Symmetric Multiprocessing (each processor performs all tasks)

Question 5

What is “Clustered Systems”?

Answer 5

Multiple systems working together sharing storage via a storage-area network.

Question 6

What are the types of “Clustered Systems”?

Answer 6

1- Asymmetric clustering (has one machine in hot-standby mode)
2- Symmetric clustering (has multiple nodes running applications, monitoring each other)

Question 7

What is the difference between “Multiprogramming” & “Timesharing” ?

Answer 7

1- Multiprogramming :-
- batch system.
- job scheduling.
- For mainframes.
2- Timesharing :-
- Multitasking.
- Interactive.
- For windows.

Question 8

What is “Dual-mode” ?

Answer 8

An operation that allows OS to protect itself and other system components.

Question 9

What are the modes in “Dual-mode” ?

Answer 9

1- User mode.
2- Kernel mode.

Question 10

What does the “Mode bit” provides in Dual-mode?

Answer 10

1- to know which mode is running.
2- gives privilege to kernel mode.
3- it changes between the modes.

Question 11

What is a process?

Answer 11

A program in execution.

Question 12

A Program is a Passive entity. (True or False)

Answer 12

True.

Question 13

A Process is a Active entity. (True or False)

Answer 13

True.

Question 14

What are the resources of a Process?

Answer 14

1- CPU.
2- Memory.
3- Input.
4- Output.
5- Files.
6- Data.

Question 15

What does Process termination require?

Answer 15

Reclaim of any reusable resources.

Question 16

What are the OS activities for Process management?

Answer 16

1- Creating and deleting both user and system processes.
2- Suspending and resuming processes.
3- Providing mechanisms for process synchronization, communication and deadlock.

Question 17

What are the OS activities for Memory management?

Answer 17

1- Keeping track of which parts of memory are currently being used and by whom.
2- Deciding which processes and data to move into and out of memory.
3- Allocating and deallocating memory space.

Question 18

What are the OS activities for Storage management?

Answer 18

1- Creating and deleting files and directories.
2- Primitives to manipulate files and directories.
3- Mapping files onto secondary storage.
4- Backup.

Question 19

What are the OS activities for Mass-Storage management?

Answer 19

1- Free-space management.
2- Storage allocation.
3- Disk scheduling.

Question 20

What is the Typical size for Registers? its managed by? its backed by?

Answer 20

Typical size : < (Less than) 1 KB.
Managed by : Compiler.
Backed by : Cache.

Question 21

What is the Typical size for Cache? its managed by? its backed by?

Answer 21

Typical size : < (Less than) 16 MB.
Managed by : Hardware.
Backed by : Main memory.

Question 22

What is the Typical size for Main memory? its managed by? its backed by?

Answer 22

Typical size : < (Less than) 64 GB.
Managed by : OS (Operating system).
Backed by : Disk.

Question 23

What is the Typical size for Solid state disk? its managed by? its backed by?

Answer 23

Typical size : < (Less than) 1 TB.
Managed by : OS (Operating system).
Backed by : Disk

Question 24

What is the Typical size for Magnetic disk? its managed by? its backed by?

Answer 24

Typical size : < (Less than) 10 TB.
Managed by : OS (Operating system).
Backed by : Disk or Tape.

Question 25

What is Protection?

Answer 25

Any mechanism for controlling access of processes or users to resources defined by the OS.

Question 26

What is Security?

Answer 26

Defense of the system against internal and external attacks.

Question 27

Give examples of Computing Environments (7 at least) :-

Answer 27

1- Traditional.
2- Mobile.
3- Distributed.
4- Client-Server.
5- Peer-to-Peer.
6- Virtualization.
7- Cloud Computing.
8- Real-Time Embedded System.
9- Open-Source OS.

Question 28

What are Traditional Computing Environments ?

Answer 28

stand-alone general purpose machines.

Question 29

What are Mobile Computing Environments ?

Answer 29

Handheld smartphones, tablets, etc.

Question 30

What are Distributed Computing Environments ?

Answer 30

Systems networked together.

Question 31

What are the TCP/IP network in Distributed ?

Answer 31

1- Local area network.
2- Wide are network.
3- Metropolitan area network.
4- Personal area network.

Question 32

What is Peer-to-Peer Computing Environment?

Answer 32

Another model of Distributed system.

Question 33

How does Peer-to-Peer not distinguish clients and servers?

Answer 33

1- All nodes are considered peers.
2- May each act as client, server or both.
3- Node must join P2P network.

Question 34

What is Virtualization Computing Environment?

Answer 34

Allows operating systems to run applications within other OSes.

Question 35

What is an example of Virtualization?

Answer 35

Apple laptop running MAC OS X host, Windows as guest.

Question 36

What is Cloud Computing?

Answer 36

Delivers computing, storage, applications as a service across a network.

Question 37

Example of Real-Time Embedded Systems?

Answer 37

Real-Time Operating System (OS) .