Chapter 3 Quiz

Question 0

functional groups

Answer 0

lone atoms or group that is covalently bonded to carbon atoms
influence structural and chemical properties of organic molecules.

Question 1

organic molecules

Answer 1

contain carbon and at least one hydrogen

Question 2

carbon bonding behavior

Answer 2

each carbon atom can form up to four bonds.

Question 3

hydroxyl group

Answer 3

water soluble (polar)
-OH

Question 4

Methyl Group

Answer 4

oils, fats, etc.
insoluable
-CH3

Question 5

Carbonyl group

Answer 5

-CO
water soluable
aldehyde
keytone

Question 6

aldehyde

Answer 6

at the end of carbon backbone

Question 7

keytone

Answer 7

attached to interior carbon

Question 8

carBOXyl

Answer 8

water soluable

-COOH

Question 9

amino group

Answer 9

only one that contains nitrogen
polar
-NH2

Question 10

phosphate group

Answer 10

polar

-PO4

Question 11

isomers

Answer 11

compounds with the same formula but different structures

Question 12

polymers

Answer 12

long molecule that consists of many individual blocks strung together.

Question 13

monomer

Answer 13

building block of polymers

Question 14

dehydration reaction

Answer 14

a reaction that removes a molecule of water

Question 15

hydrolysis

Answer 15

break cells down by adding water

Question 16

enzymes

Answer 16

specialized macromolecules that speed up chemical reactions in cells

Question 17

monosaccharides

Answer 17

consist of mainly sugar and glucose
the simplest carbohydrate
monomer of carbohydrate

Question 18

disaccharide

Answer 18

cells construct this from two monosaccharides

Question 19

polysaccharides

Answer 19

polymers of momosaccharides linked together by dehydration reactions.
function as storage molecules or structural compounds

Question 20

starch

Answer 20

storage in most plants
coil
polymer of glucose

Question 21

glycogen

Answer 21

animals store excess sugar in the form of glycogen

stored in granules in our liver and muscle cells.

Question 22

wax

Answer 22

a lipid
protective covering
waterproof

Question 23

unsaturated fats

Answer 23

fatty acids and fats in double bonds in the carbon chain are unsaturated. unsaturated is having less than the maximum number of hydrogens.cant solidify at room temperature.
examples, corn oil, vegetable oil,

Question 24

chitin

Answer 24

used by insects to build their exoskeleton
found in the cell walls of fungi
humans use it to make stitches

Question 25

cellulose

Answer 25

the most abundant organic compound on earth

forms cablelike fibrils in the tough walls that enclose plant cells.

Question 26

glucose

Answer 26

C6 H12 06
monosaccharide
monomer of glucose

Question 27

phospholipids

Answer 27

cells could not exist without these!

the major component of cell membranes

Question 28

Cholestrol

Answer 28

common component in animals cell membranes

Question 29

nucleotide

Answer 29

monomer of nucleic acids