CHAPTER 3 Providing Equal Employment Opportunity and a Safe Workplace

Question 1

affirmative action

Answer 1

An organization’s active effort to find opportunities to hire or promote people in a particular group.

Question 2

bona fide occupational qualification

BFOQ

Answer 2

A necessary (not merely preferred) qualification for performing a job.

Question 3

disability,

Answer 3

Under the Americans with Disabilities Act, a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activities, a record of having such an impairment, or being regarded as having such an impairment.

Question 4

disparate impact,

Answer 4

A condition in which employment practices are seemingly neutral yet disproportionately exclude a protected group from employment opportunities.

Question 5

disparate treatment,

Answer 5

Differing treatment of individuals, where the differences are based on the individuals’ race, color, religion, sex, national origin, age, or disability status.

Question 6

EEO-1 report

Answer 6

The EEOC’s Employer Information Report, which details the number of women and minorities employed in nine different job categories.

Question 7

equal employment opportunity

EEO

Answer 7

The condition in which all individuals have an equal chance for employment, regardless of their race, color, religion, sex, age, disability, or national origin.

Question 8

Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC)

Answer 8

Agency of the Department of Justice charged with enforcing Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and other anti-discrimination laws.

Question 9

four-fifths rule

Answer 9

Rule of thumb that finds evidence of discrimination if an organization’s hiring rate for a minority group is less than four-fifths the hiring rate for the majority group.

Question 10

job hazard analysis technique,

Answer 10

Safety promotion technique that involves breaking down a job into basic elements, then rating each element for its potential for harm or injury.

Question 11

material safety data sheets (MSDSs)

Answer 11

Forms on which chemical manufacturers and importers identify the hazards of their chemicals.

Question 12

Occupational Safety and Health Act

OSH Act

Answer 12

U.S. law authorizing the federal government to establish and enforce occupational safety and health standards for all places of employment engaging in interstate commerce.

Question 13

Occupational Safety and Health

Administration (OSHA),

Answer 13

Labor Department agency responsible for inspecting employers, applying safety and health standards, and levying fines for violation.

Question 14

Office of Federal Contract Compliance Procedures (OFCCP),

Answer 14

The agency responsible for enforcing the executive orders that cover companies doing business with the federal government.

Question 15

reasonable accommodation,

Answer 15

An employer’s obligation to do something to enable an otherwise qualified person to perform a job.

Question 16

right-to-know laws,

Answer 16

State laws that make union shops, maintenance of membership, and agency shops illegal.

Question 17

sexual harassment

Answer 17

Unwelcome sexual advances as defined by the EEOC.

Question 18

technic of operations review (TOR)

Answer 18

Method of promoting safety by determining which specific element of a job led to a past accident.

Question 19

Uniform Guidelines on Employee Selection Procedures

Answer 19

Guidelines issued by the EEOC and other agencies to identify how an organization should develop and administer its system for selecting employees so as not to violate anti-discrimination laws.

Question 20

Thirteenth Amendment

Answer 20

Abolished slavery, Court system

Question 21

Fourteenth Amendment

Answer 21

Provides equal protection for
all citizens and requires due
process in state action, Court system

Question 22

Civil Rights Acts (CRAs)
of 1866 and 1871 (as
amended)

Answer 22

Grant all citizens the right
to make, perform, modify,
and terminate contracts and
enjoy all benefits, terms, and
conditions of the contractual
relationship, Court system

Question 23

Equal Pay Act of 1963

Answer 23

Requires that men and
women performing equal jobs
receive equal pay, EEOC

Question 24

Title VII of CRA

Answer 24

Forbids discrimination based
on race, color, religion, sex,
or national origin, EEOC

Question 25

Age Discrimination in

Employment Act of 1967

Answer 25

Prohibits discrimination in
employment against individuals
40 years of age and older, EEOC

Question 26

Rehabilitation Act of 1973

Answer 26

Requires affirmative action in
the employment of individuals
with disabilities, OFCCP

Question 27

Pregnancy Discrimination

Act of 1978

Answer 27

Treats discrimination based
on pregnancy-related conditions
as illegal sex discrimination, EEOC

Question 28

Americans with Disabilities

Act of 1990

Answer 28

Prohibits discrimination
against individuals with
disabilities, EEOC

Question 29

Executive Order 11246

Answer 29

Requires affirmative action in

hiring women and minorities, OFCCP

Question 30

Civil Rights Act of 1991

Answer 30

Prohibits discrimination

(same as Title VII), EEOC

Question 31

Uniformed Services
Employment and Reemployment
Rights Act of
1994

Answer 31

Requires rehiring of employees
who are absent for military
service, with training and
accommodations as needed, Veterans’ Employment
and Training Service

Question 32

Genetic Information Nondiscrimination

Act of 2008

Answer 32

Prohibits discrimination
because of genetic
information, EEOC