Chapter 3 - Proteins Flashcards
What are proteins?
Consist of one or more polypeptides arranged as macromolecules involved in various functions within living organisms
What are proteins made up of?
Amino acids (the monomers)
What chemical elements make up proteins
Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen
How are dimers (dipeptides) and polymers (polypeptides) formed?
Amino acids can join together via peptide bonds
What are the roles of proteins?
- Enzymes
- Antibodies
- Transport
- Structural components
- Hormones
- Muscle contraction
How do proteins help as enzymes?
These proteins are used to breakdown and synthesise molecules.
How do proteins help as antibodies?
These proteins are involved in the immune response.
How do proteins help with transport?
Some proteins can move molecules or ions across membranes.
How are proteins structural components?
Proteins like keratin and collagen are used to create strong fibres.
How do proteins help as hormones?
Some of these are proteins that act as chemical messengers in the body.
How do proteins help with muscle contraction?
Muscles are made up of proteins.
Describe the structure of a protein?
