Basics Flashcards
What chemical elements are found in carbohydrates?
carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
What chemical elements are found in lipids?
carbon hydrogen and oxygen
What chemical elements are found in proteins?
Caron, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulphur
What chemical elements are found in nucleic acids?
Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and phosphorus
Define monomer
Smaller units that combine to make a larger molecule (polymer)
Define polymer
Large molecule made up of many monomers joined together
Define polymerisation
The process by which monomers join to form a polymer is known as polymerisation.
How are most polymers synthesized?
Most polymers are synthesised via a condensation reaction
How are most polymers broken down?
Most polymers are broken down via a hydrolysis reaction.
What is a condensation reaction?
The removal of water to form a chemical bond between two molecules.
What is a hydrolysis reaction?
The addition of water to break a chemical bond between two molecules.
What is an ion?
An atom with an electric charge.
What is Inorganic ion?
An ion that does not contain carbon (with some exceptions).
What is a cation?
An ion with a positive charge.
What is an anion?
An ion with a negative charge.
