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Gross - US Government > Chapter 3: Political and Economic Systems > Flashcards

Chapter 3: Political and Economic Systems Flashcards

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1
Q

What are six names for country leaders?

A
  • president
  • prime minister
  • king
  • chancellor
  • premir
  • Chairman
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2
Q

What four things does a lawmaking body include?

A
  • congress
  • parliament
  • diet
  • bundestag
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3
Q

What makes governments vary?

A

people’s ideology

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4
Q

What is the set of beliefs of how the Gov began and where it’s going?

A

ideology

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5
Q

What three things effect people’s ideology?

A
  • history
  • economics
  • geography
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6
Q

What is a group of people who are ruled by a particular government?

A

body politic

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7
Q

What are three types of body politics…?

A
  • national
  • state
  • local
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8
Q

The earliest body politics were __________ that were similar in ________, ___________, and ___________.

A

clans or tribes

race
religion
language

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9
Q

What was the original tradition regulating majorities and minorities?

A

The tradition began that the majority would rule but minority’s would have rights and were free to try and change the mind of the majority

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10
Q

Expansion or nation building moved from the _______, to the _______, then to the ___________.

A

tribe
state
nation

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11
Q

How was the expansion of body politics accomplished and name the percentage of the use of the tactit?

A
  • physical conquest
    95% majority tactic
  • peaceful union
    5% minority tactic
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12
Q

What is the key to taking over a political body?

A

nationalism

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13
Q

What is a feeling of superiority?

A

nationalism

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14
Q

What is loyalty to your country?

A

patriotism

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15
Q

What is an example of nationalism and define it?

A

Manifest Destiny: expansion from east to west

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16
Q

What was the name of the convention held in south america in 1933?

A

montevideo

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17
Q

What were the four requirements of a nation/ nation state established at the montevideo convention?

A
  • territories/ specific boundaries
  • body politics/ population
  • government/ national leadership
  • independent foreign policy (couldn’t be a colony)
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18
Q

T OR F

No government can exist without power?

A

TRUE

They need power to have control over others

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19
Q

Political bodies range in power from ________ to __________ (________).

A

totalitarian to free (democracy)

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20
Q

T OR F

All societies is completely free and completely controlled?

A

FALSE

No society is completely free or completely controlled nor do societies always have the same degree of freedom or control

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21
Q

What is an example of a totalitarian government and where / who did it happen under?

A

The Hundred Flowers

happed in China under Meow

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22
Q

What is an example of a democratic government and where / who did it happen under?

A

Pearl harbor and the Japanese Americans

occurred in the USA

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23
Q

T OR F

Lord John Action said “Power tends to corrupt and absolute power tends to corrupt absolutely.” This means the more power you have, the less corrupt you become.

A

FALSE

This means the more power you have, the more corrupt you become.

Ex: Stalin, Hitler, FDR

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24
Q

How did the Greeks classify governments?

A

according to how may people had powers

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25
Q

What is another name for a one person government?

A

monarchy

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26
Q

What is it called when rule is passed down from father to eldest son?

A

primogeniture

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27
Q

What are the two types of monarchs and who do they operate?

A
  • absolute monarch: rule by divine right

- constitutional monarch: according to law

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28
Q

What is the corrupt for of a monarchy called (old and modern)?

A

Tyrant or Tyrany (ancient greek)

Dictator (modern)

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29
Q

What is rule by personal preference called?

A

dictator/ tyrany

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30
Q

How have modern dictators gained power?

A

through national emergencies/ economic unrest

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31
Q

What occurred when a dictator is in power?

A

all opposition is eliminated and their power becomes permanent (for life)

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32
Q

What is another name for government by a small group?

A

aristocracy

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33
Q

What is rule by the best?

A

aristocracy

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34
Q

What form of government were the founding fathers?

A

aristocracy

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35
Q

What is the corrupt for of aristocracy called?

A

oligarchy

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36
Q

What is rule by the few for the few?

A

oligarchy

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37
Q

What is the most common form of Oligarchy called?

A

Junta

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38
Q

What is the military overthrow of a civilian government (cou)

A

Junta

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39
Q

Where are Juntas most common and what occurs after the Gov is overthrown?

A

south america and africa

they become a dictatorship

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40
Q

What is the origin of democracy?

A

Athens Greece

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41
Q

What is an example of democracy where the people vote directly on laws that govern them?

A

mayflower compact

42
Q

What were two variations of democracy that occurred as population grew?

A
  • Republic

- Representative democracy

43
Q

Explain the difference between democratic republican representative democracy?

A

Democratic republic is where you elect individuals to make the best decision

representative democracy is where you elect people to vote your conscience

44
Q

What is the corrupt form of democracy called?

A

anarchy

45
Q

What is ruled by no one (mob rule) called?

A

anarchy

46
Q

What are the three different structures of government?

A
  • parliamentary system
  • presidential system
  • autocratic system
47
Q

How was the parliamentary system divided how was power given to those divisions?

A
  • House of commons\elected

- House of lords\hereditary

48
Q

Who best reflects a parliamentary system?

A

England

49
Q

What is the power base of the parliamentary system?

A

House of commons

50
Q

T OR F

The power to execute the laws theoretically is given to the queen of England and that is still true today?

A

FALSE
The power to excute the laws theoretically is given to the monarch but to be the queen of England is merely a figurehead for show

51
Q

Where does the queen of england and get advice from in terms of governing her country?

A

Queen follows the advice of the prime minister who is a member of the house of commons which comes from the majority party

52
Q

T OR F

It is not necessary to have a monarch in a parliamentary system?

A

TRUE

53
Q

What is it called where the president is the head of the state and the government but is not a member of the lawmaking body?

A

Presidential system

54
Q

T OR F

In the presidential system, the president is a member of the lawmaking body?

A

FALSE

In the presidential system the president is not a member of the lawmaking body

55
Q

T OR F

In an autocratic system the people choose their leaders.

A

FALSE

In an autocratic system the people do not choose their leaders rather leaders choose themselves and then impose their will

56
Q

What are two common forms of leaders in an autocratic system?

A
  • dictators

- olgerchys

57
Q

T or F

Autocratic systems have lawmaking bodies and make their own rules?

A

False

Autocratic systems have while making bodies but they are merely a rubberstamp and do what they are told

58
Q

How countries carry on economic activity is influenced by what?

A

their political system

59
Q

What is the study of how people make a living, carry-on trade, and use resources?

A

economics

60
Q

What are the four types of economic systems?

A
  • Traditional System
  • Command System
  • Market System
  • Mixed System
61
Q

In a traditional system is a little change over time?

A

there’s a little change over time because there’s a slim margin between life and death

62
Q

In a traditional system what is survival depend on?

A

survival depends on continuing in the ways that proved successful in the past

Little surplus with which to experiment

63
Q

What type of farming is practiced in a traditional system?

A

intensive farming: a lot of people less land

64
Q

what is it called and there are less people and a lot of land?

A

extensive farming

65
Q

In a command system how is what how and for whom determined by?

A

Central authority

66
Q

What does a command system interfere with?

A

The liberties of its citizens

67
Q

What are the three types of command systems?

A
  • communism
  • socialism
  • fascism
68
Q

In a communist system who owns the land and means of production?

A

The government owns both

example Cuba

69
Q

What are the two types of socialism?

A
  • marxist-leninist socialism aka communism

- democratic socialism

70
Q

In a democratic socialism economy who owns the means of production and the land?

A

The government owns the means of production in the people own the land

71
Q

In a fascist economic system who owns the means of production and who owns the land?

A

The people on both the landing means of production however the government has great regulatory power over economic life of people

72
Q

What are four examples of fascism based command economies? (name people and country)

A
  • Germany with Hitler
  • Italy with Mussolini
  • Spain with Franco
  • Argentina with Peron
73
Q

What are the five characteristics of a fascist country?

A
  • highly nationalistic
  • individual secondary to the state
  • anti-communist and anti-socialist
  • racial superiority
  • only one political party is tolerated
74
Q

In a market system what is produced is determined by the ______, how is determined by the _____, for whom is determined by the _____.

A

consumer
producer
money

75
Q

What is the interaction of buyers and sellers in the market place?

A

market system

76
Q

What are four characteristics of pure capitalism?

A
  • private ownership of capital
  • free enterprise
  • free markets
  • freedom of choice
77
Q

What is another name for a mixed system?

A

market plus command

78
Q

T OR F

In a mixed system, some goods must be produced outside the market system.

A

TRUE

Examples include roads, bridges, and national defense

79
Q

T OR F

In a mixed system everything is privately owned.

A

FALSE

In the mix system not everything is privately owned

80
Q

The relationship between a market economy and a democracy went there were three stages in the USA?

A
  • laissez-faire
  • moderate involvement
  • strong interference
81
Q

Adam Smith wrote what book and what did it support?

A

Adam Smith wrote the wealth of Nations which supported laissez-faire and rejected mercantilism

82
Q

Moderate involvement regarded regulation of big businesses including what for government issued acts?

A
  • Interstate commerce act\Northern securities act
  • Sherman antitrust act
  • Cellar Ant-merge Act
  • Clayton antitrust act
83
Q

The government passed a bunch of plans to create jobs. Name four acts…

A
  • social Security
  • Tennessee Valley Authority
  • wpa
  • ccc
84
Q

In a command economy with Totalitarian rule, economic decisions made…?

A

Economic decisions are made on the basis of what would allow the nation to dominate this includes the nationalization of important industries

85
Q

What is communism based on the ideas of?

A
  • Karl Marx

- Frederick Engles

86
Q

Karl Marx wrote what to books?

A
  • communist manifesto

- DAS Kapital

87
Q

What was the cause of the problem according to Karl Marx?

A

The problem was private ownership of wealth. He said The class struggle between the workers in the owners was inevitable.

88
Q

What is another name for workers in the communism economy?

A

proletariats

89
Q

What is another name for owners in the communist economy?

A

bourgeoisie

90
Q

What were the two phrases stated in the communist manifesto?

A
  • A dictatorship would be set up

- The dictator would step down and come in a society would be established

91
Q

In a communist country when a dictatorship would be set up what will happen to all opposition and what would the government do?

A

all opposition would be crushed in the government will take control of all property and wealth

92
Q

What are the three characteristics of a utopian society?

A
  • common ownership of property
  • only one social class\proletariats
  • no conflict of property because everyone will share everything equally
93
Q

According to the communist slogan what is to be said about the government?

A

as a result of the society there would be no need for government

94
Q

In what two ways was a communist manifesto wrong?

A
  • in capitalist countries, class welfare has not corrupted rather owners and workers have chosen means aside from conflict to resolve differences
  • The dictator did not step down as promised. In fact, Stalin consolidated their power by establishing the Cheka\secret please and the godsplan\five-year plan
95
Q

What are human beings living together in a group?

A

society

96
Q

What are two things the oldest societies depended on?

A
  • the best hunter/ fighter

- the oldest member

97
Q

What two purposes do laws serve?

A
  • protect people from each other

- make everyday life functions smooth

98
Q

What are people who decide on laws for society and the power to enforce laws?

A

government

99
Q

What are the three objections of politics?

A
  • art and science of governing
  • art of persuading others to follow a particular course of action
  • using personal influence in order to manipulate others
100
Q

Poltics involve _____ + ______ to decide issues.

A

discussion + bargining

101
Q

Where does success come from?

A

compromise

102
Q

What is the process through which people form ideas about the government?

A

political socialization

Gross - US Government (5 decks)

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