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Gross - US Government > Chapter 1: Politics and Political Parties > Flashcards

Chapter 1: Politics and Political Parties Flashcards

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1
Q

What are activities that resolve conflicting values and interests?

A

politics

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2
Q

Where does true politics only exist and why does it only exist there?

A

True Politics only exist in relation to the Government because only the Government deals with the general welfare

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3
Q

What presents your opinions or facts through talking?

A

discussion

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4
Q

What is speech making?

A

oratory

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5
Q

What is a resolution of conflict?

A

diplomacy

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6
Q

What 5 things does political action include?

A
  • discussion
  • oratory
  • balloting
  • diplomacy
  • direct action
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7
Q

What are the 5 reasons someone would get involved in or become a politician…?

A

1) to gain economic reward
2) satisfy their need for friendship and social relations
3) to try to influence the world in which they live
4) to gain power/ win election
5) to increase self-esteem

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8
Q

What deals with issues on which they agree and ignore the rest?

A

coalition

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9
Q

T OR F

The most important reason for participation in politics to gain economic reward…?

A

FALSE
Gaining economic reward is not the most important reason because the lowest income group which has the most to gain does the least

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10
Q

T OR F

Today we have the spoils system and in the past, we had patronage and civil service rights…?

A

FALSE

Today we have patronage and civil service rights and in the past, we had the spoils system

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11
Q

What is the most important reason someone would get involved in politics?

A

to gain power/win the election

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12
Q

What three things compose a political party?

A
  • party voters
  • party activists
  • political leaders
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13
Q

T OR F

Party voters tend to help candidates running for obscure offices most…?

A

TRUE!

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14
Q

What are elections won at the local level (from the bottom-up)?

A

grassroots

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15
Q

What is another name for current leaders?

A

inside

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16
Q

What is another name for a former leader?

A

outside

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17
Q

T OR F

More candidates are nominated with party support and even fewer are elected…?

A

FALSE

Fewer candidates are nominated without party support and even fewer are elected

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18
Q

How does a political party staff the government?

A

patronage

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19
Q

How does the political party criticize and evaluate the government?

A

it acts as a loyal opposition

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20
Q

T OR F

Most writers of the Constitution supported political parties so much so that they wrote them into the constitution…?

A

FALSE

Most writers of the Constitution opposed political parties in the Constitution itself does not mention them

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21
Q

What is a temporary difference or difference of opinion that is then resolved?

A

faction

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22
Q

What are permanent differences or when physical beliefs differ?

A

political parties

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23
Q

why were the first factions formed?

A

They were form to support her oppose the constitution. Once the Constitution was ratified factions seized to exist

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24
Q

The founding fathers supported _________ and opposed __________?

A

The founding fathers supported factions but opposed political parties

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25
Q

T OR F

George Washington ran for president without opposition and without a party label…?

A

TRUE!

Well George Washington a post political parties his actions led to their creation

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26
Q

What is the main cause of the creation of political parties?

A

George Washington‘s actions

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27
Q

What two people lead to the creation of the political parties?

A

Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson

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28
Q

What is the oldest political party?

A

The federalists

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29
Q

What four things did the federalists support?

A
  • A strong executive
  • strong courts
  • standing army
  • Financial program that strengthen the central government at the expense of the states
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30
Q

What is the Jeffersonian Republicans believe?

A
  • favorite state and local government

- believed the legislative branch best reflected the will of the people not the executive branch

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31
Q

What were the Jeffersonian Republicans first known as?

A

Anti-federalists

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32
Q

What happened to the Federalist party?

A

Disappeared in the 1800s when Jefferson won the election

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33
Q

What are the oldest modern political parties?

A

Democratic Republicans and national Republicans

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34
Q

What happened to the Jeffersonian Republicans when Jefferson was elected president?

A

They split into two wings.

The Democratic Republicans then dropped the name Republicans and henceforth became known as only the Democrats.

The national Republicans took in old federalists who then became known as the whig party.

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35
Q

What victory did the Republicans have in 1860?

A

They elected the first republican president able Lincoln as a result of his house divided speech

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36
Q

What is the major criticism of the American political parties?

A

A common criticism is that there is no major fundamental difference between them since they are both trying to get the most votes and they therefore have to be vague

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37
Q

What are four categories where the parties are different?

A
  • Image
  • party voters
  • platform
  • how they view each other
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38
Q

How are republican leaders seen?

A

Pro business; free enterprise; economic conservative

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39
Q

How are Democratic leaders seen?

A

Pro labor; government regulation of the economy

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40
Q

How was the typical Republican seen?

A

Business; wealthy; live in the suburbs

41
Q

How was the typical Democrat seen?

A

Working class; city dweller; pro union; religious or racial minority

42
Q

In elections what four things categorized the Republican voters…?

A

White; college-educated; white colored; over 50 years old

43
Q

In elections what four things categorized the Democratic voters…?

A

Nonwhite; grade school education; union workers; under 30 years old

44
Q

What is a party’s statement of their beliefs?

A

platform

45
Q

What is one parties statement of a single belief?

A

plank

46
Q

What is the difference between a platform in a plank?

A

A platform is a statement of multiple believes whereas a plank is a statement of one single believe

47
Q

In 1972 what did the Democrats and Republicans think of labor unions?

A

Democratics; compulsory (mandatory) union membership and eliminate right to work laws

Republican; choice

48
Q

In 1972 what did the Democrats and Republicans think of education?

A

Democrats; favored bussing to achieve racial integration and educational equality

Republicans; opposed to passing

49
Q

In 1972 what did the Democrats and Republicans think of jobs?

A

Democrats; supported governments ability to create the jobs

Republicans; favored incentives to private sectors to expand the job market

50
Q

In 1972 what do the Democrats and Republicans think of welfare?

A

Democrats; believed every family should be guaranteed an income above the poverty level

Republicans; believed that money for work and job training should be provided

51
Q

In 1972 what did the Democrats and Republicans think of old age?

A

Democrats; believed retirement age should be lowered to 60

Republican; believed retirees should be allowed to earn more money without losing Social Security benefits

52
Q

How did the Republicans see the Democrats as…?

A

Labor; minority groups; intellectual; city people; liberals

53
Q

How do the Democrats see the Republicans…?

A

Establishment; farmers and ranchers; small-town people; conservative; small business owners; corporate executives

54
Q

Third parties typically only get how much of the vote?

A

1/3

55
Q

What are three reasons why third parties are important?

A
  • voices of discent
  • critics of the major parties
  • Champions of reform
56
Q

What makes third parties different from major parties?

A

Third parties have strong well-defined programs and they are not trying to be all things to all people unlike major parties

57
Q

What is based on the set of beliefs or doctrines?

A

ideology

58
Q

What are three examples of ideological third parties?

A
  • equal rights party
  • socialist party
  • prohibition party
59
Q

What is here today and gone tomorrow?

A

Transient

60
Q

What are two examples of transient third parties?

A
  • economic protest
    • The populist party
    • The greenback party
  • secessionist
    • The Dixiecrats party (Southern Democrats that broke from the actual Democrats because of civil rights in 1948)
61
Q

What is founded by one person and maintained by charisma of that person?

A

personal

62
Q

What are two examples of personal third parties?

A
  • George Wallace and the American independent party

- Teddy Roosevelt in the progressive/ Bull moose party

63
Q

What is it called when a person tries to influence politics your campaign contributions such as money?

A

Lobbying

64
Q

What to things did the laws Congress passed in 1970 to clean up campaign financing do…?

A
  • Limited the amount of money a person can give to a candidate to $1000
  • forced candidates to say who is contributing to their campaign
65
Q

What was the governments purpose of trying to clean up campaign financing?

A
  • to make candidates less depended on lobbyists

- to make it easier for people without wealth to run for office

66
Q

What replaced lobbying?

A

political action committees

67
Q

What did the political action committees do?

A
  • each member was allowed to give up to $5000 per candidate
  • they were allowed to form a committee of one person and that person can give $5000 in both their name in the committee’s name
68
Q

T OR F

The major political parties appeared to be decentralized or informal in reality they were highly centralized and formal…?

A

FALSE

The major political parties appeared to be centralized informal but in reality they were highly decentralized

69
Q

How was real power distributed and what is the only exception?

A

Centralized from the bottom to the top

The only exception to this is one week every four years at the national convention with the 50 states are bound together for a week and the power is transferred from the top to the bottom

70
Q

What two things does the number of delegates a state gets to send to the national convention depend on…?

A
  • The population of the state

- Bonus delegates

71
Q

What’s another name for whether the state party was successful in choosing its president candidate in the prior election?

A

Bonus delegates

72
Q

How does state law say the Delegates should be chosen by and how many states use those methods…?

A
  • party or state conventions\committees ( 20 states use this method)
  • chosen in primary elections ( 30 states use this method)
73
Q

T OR F

Pledged delegates are pledged to vote for the candidate on all role calls and ballots…?

A

FLASE

Pledged delegates or pledge to vote for the candidate on the first roll call and ballot only

74
Q

How long is the conventions typically last and how many role calls are there normally?

A

Typically lasts five days and there is normally one round of rollcall

75
Q

What three committees must meet prior to the beginning of the convention and what are they do?

A
  • Platform and resolutions committee: resolves various planks the party will stand on
  • Rules committee: procedures party will follow at the convention
  • Credentials committee: settles disputes over the seating of the state delegations
76
Q

What occurs on day one of the national convention?

A

Keynote speaker and delegates for the next national convention are chosen

77
Q

What are two characteristics of a keynote speaker?

A
  • have to be a motivator\articulate\excellent speaker

- have to be a rising star in a party

78
Q

What occurs on day two and three at the national convention both officially and unofficially?

A

Officially: the standing committees report out

Unofficially: candidates are seeking out more delegates to pledge to them

79
Q

What is it known as when a hopeful candidate request a meeting with the delegate?

A

caucus

80
Q

What is it called when delegation sometimes gives all their votes to one person?

A

favorite son

81
Q

What is the most important day of the national convention and why?

A

D4 because it is rollcall for the presidential candidate

82
Q

What occurs on day four of the national convention?

A

roll call for the presidential candidate

83
Q

What occurs on day five of the national convention?

A

roll call for thevice presidential candidates

84
Q

Why is a vice president chosen?

A

to help unite the party and balance the ticket

85
Q

What is the national community supposed to do in theory and what are they actually do in reality?

A

Theory: it is supposed to handle all national party business

Reality: they only choose the city in which the national convention is to be held in

86
Q

Who is the national committee comprised of?

A

The committee is made up of one man and one woman from each state plus additional’s

87
Q

What was the original job of the chairperson of the national committee and what is their job now?

A

Original job: run the campaign for the party’s candidate

Now: pay bills after the convention

88
Q

What committee is considered a week after thought?

A

50 state committee

89
Q

What are four other names for a local committee?

A
  • District
  • County
  • Minicipal
  • Precinct
90
Q

What is the basic party unit that is only used with specificity?

A

precinct

91
Q

What is another name for precinct?

A

local committee

92
Q

Politics at the local level are also called…?

A

Grassroots

93
Q

In what three ways were citizens allowed to help in politics?

A
  • help register voters
  • work in a campaign
  • join a political organization
94
Q

T OR F

30% of 20-39-year-olds are registered to vote…?

A

FALSE

50% of 18-29-year-olds are registered to vote

95
Q

What is a broadly based organization of individuals who have some political interest in common?

A

political party

96
Q

What are the three goals every politician has…?

A
  • win elections
  • gain control of the government
  • determine public policy
97
Q

What is it called when a political party stays in power for a long time?

A

political machine

98
Q

What are the three purposes of political parties worldwide…?

A
  • ideology
  • economic interest
  • religious interest

Gross - US Government (5 decks)

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