Chapter 3 Perceiving Others Flashcards
What is perception
Perception is the process whereby we assign meaning to the world around us
What is selection
First stage in perception process in which some data are chosen to attend to and others are ignored
What does Perceiving others mean
Perceiving others is an impression you give from and give off to other people.
What states affect what we notice
Intensity, repetition, contrast, change, motives and our emotional state.
What is organization
The stage in the perception process that involves arranging data in a meaningful way
What is perceptual schema
It’s the cognitive frameworks that allow us to organize the raw data we have selected from the environment
What do we need for perceptual schema
- Appearance
- Social Roles
- Interaction Style
- Psychological Trait
What is Stereotyping
Exaggerated generalizations and/or beliefs associated with a categorizing system
What is punctuation
It describes the determination of causes and effects in a series of interactions
What is interpretation
The process of attaching meaning to make sense of data
What are some factors on interpretation
- Degree of involvement
- Past experience
- Assumptions about human behavior
- Expectations
- Knowledge
- Self-concept
- Relational Satisfaction
What are some factors that can influence perception
- Physiological Influences
- Cultural Differences
- Social Roles
What are physiological influences
- The senses
- Age
- Health
- Fatigue
- Hunger
- Biological Cycles
What are cultural differences
Every culture has it’s own worldview, It’s own way of looking at the world.
What are some social roles
- Gender Roles
- Occupational Roles
- Self-Concept
- Shared Narratives
What is Narrative
It’s the perception of the world shared by a collection of people
What is perception checking
A tool for helping you understand other’s accurately instead of assuming that your first interpretation is correct
What does Self-Serving Bias mean
The tendency to judge ourselves in the most generous terms possible
What are the 3 main elements to perception checking
- A description of the behavior you noticed
- At least two possible interpretations of behavior
- A request for clarification about how to interpret the behavior
What are some perception-checking considerations
- Completeness
- Nonverbal Congruency
- Cultural Rules
What is empathy
Empathy allows us to recreate one another’s perspective and experience the world from the other’s point of view.
-Empathy encourages people to act morally
What is Sympathy
Compassion for another’s situation
What are the three dimensions for empathy
- Perspective taking
- Emotional Dimension
- Genuine Concern
What is the pillow method
A method for understanding an issue from several perspectives rather than with an egocentric “i’m right and you’re wrong attitude”
What are the requirements for empathy
- Open mindedness
- Imagination
- Commitment
