Chapter 3 Overcoming barriers to inclusive PA Flashcards
What should involvement be based on?
Choice, rather than what is available and accessible
3 factors that must be considered for participation
Access
Use
Benefit from
Context barriers
Attitudes
Language and labels
Lack of perceived professional competence
Explain how attitudes prevent participation
Based on learned beliefs that influence behaviour
- Negative attitudes are difficult to overcome
Promote positive perceptions
- Attitudes (acceptance) takes priority over access and accommodation
Access and accommodation will follow after perception shifts
Elicited in two ways:
- Information
- Experience
Two opposing perspectives of language and labels
- benefit from specialized services only accessible with labels
- perpetuates stereotypes and exclusion
Negatives of labels
Disability based Reduced individuality Inappropriate usage Permanent Stereotypes
Explain ‘disability based’ negative of labels
Rather than ability based
Focus on what an individual cannot do rather than what they can do
Explain ‘reduced individuality’ negative of labels
Disability becomes the primary identifier rather than many other possible identifiers
Explain ‘inappropriate usage’ negative of labels
Relieves responsibility of practitioners
Blame failures on disability rather than lack of time or effort put into accommodating
Explain ‘permanent’ negative of labels
Emphasize stagnation rather than change
Explain ‘stereotypes’ negative of labels
Limit expectations and overgeneralization of ability
What is person-first language
Person is emphasized, not the condition
e.g. children with autism
What is identity-first language?
Disability becomes the focus which allows the individual to chose their identity i.e. the person claims the condition as a part of their identity
e.g. deaf person
When to use person vs identity first language
group preference, seek guidance from key stakeholders
use language that individual uses to describe self
if in doubt, ask
Promote acceptance through language
Is it relevant to mention the disability?
Use contemporary language
Avoid “normal” when comparing groups
Explain the lack of perceived professional competency as a context barrier and how to overcome
Fears are based on a lack of knowledge/skill
Staff training needed for knowledge and experience
Explain identity-first language and person-first language. Outline what you need to consider when speaking or writing about disability
E.g. deaf person vs child with down-syndrome. Need to consider preferences of group or individual and whether or not the disability language is necessary
Describe a context-related barrier to inclusion and a strategy to ameliorate this barrier.
Attitudes, systems and policies lacking to provide access and accommodation to inclusion. Experience and education needed for those involved to improve attitudes and beliefs
Describe a person-related barrier to inclusion and a strategy to ameliorate this barrier.
Motivation, self-efficacy, confidence. Strategy may to be include less competition in the sport or alter the task
Your text suggests that efforts to promote positive attitudes should take priority over considerations of access and accommodations. Why is that?
Because of positive attitudes, you may already be thinking of access and accommodations. If you have a more positive attitude then facilitators are more likely to provide a positive experience. More likely to find out how to do things (look for solutions) if you have a positive attitude.
